Minimally invasive donor hepatectomy, are we ready for prime time?

Table 3 Outcomes of pure laparoscopic donor left lateral sectionectomy

	No.	OT (min)	Blood loss (mL)	WIT (min)	Conversion	HS (d)	Donor Cx	Recipient Cx
Comparative study
Soubrane et al[28], 2006	16/14	320 ± 671/224 ± 15	19 ± 441/99 ± 185	10 (6-12)/5(2-7)	1 (6.3%)	7.5 ± 2.3/8.1 ± 3.0	3 (18.7%)a/5 (35.7%)	6 (37.5%)b/6 (42.8%)
Kim et al[61], 2011	11/11	330 ± 68/306 ± 29	396 ± 72/464 ± 78	6 ± 2/5 ± 1	0	6.9 ± 0.31/9.8 ± 0.9	0/1 (9.1%)	2 (18.1%)c/2 (18.1%)
Samstein et al[40], 2015d	17/20	478 ± 681/398 ± 42	177 ± 1011/375 ± 191	-	0	4.3 ± 1.51/6.0 ± 1.5	2 (9.1%)e/5 (25%)	1 (4.5%)f/1 (4.5%)
Case series
Cherqui et al[12], 2012	2	360-420	150-450	4-10	0	5-7	0	1 (50.0%)g
Yu et al[92], 2012	15	331 ± 63	410 ± 71	6 ± 2	0	7.1 ± 0.8	0	-
Scatton et al[62], 2015h	67	275 (175-520)	82 ± 79	9 ± 4	4 (5.7%)	6 (3-18)	17 (25.3%)i
Soubrane et al[63], 2015j	124	308 (180-555)	50 (10-500)	8	5 (4.0%)	6.3 (2-18)	21 (16.9%)k	-
Troisi et al[64], 2017	11	237 ± 99	70 ± 41	4	0%	4	2 (18.1%)l	5 (45.4%)m

¹Statistically significant;

^aBile leak requiring laparoscopy (n = 1) and wound haematoma (n = 2);

^bPortal vein thrombosis requiring re-transplant (n = 1), hepatic artery thrombosis (n = 2) and biliary stricture (n = 3);

^cPortal vein stenosis requiring stenting (n = 1) and biliary stricture (n = 1);

^dResults included 5 left hepatectomy and compared with mixed open and hybrid controls;

^eHernia (n = 1) and bile leak (n = 1);

^fPortal vein thrombosis requiring exploration (n = 1);

^gHepatic artery thrombosis (n = 1);

^hResults included 3 left hepatectomy;

ⁱBile leak (n = 2), biliary stricture (n = 1), pulmonary complications (n = 2), bladder injury (n = 1), and complications (n = 5);

^jCombined results of 5 centres;

^kBile leak (n = 3), wound haematoma requiring drainage (n = 1), bladder injury requiring cystoscopy (n = 1), fluid collection requiring drainage (n = 1), others: grade I-II complications;

^lHepatic necrosis (n = 1) and collection (n = 1)

^mFungemia leading to death (n = 1) and biliary stricture (n = 4). Cx: Complications; HS: Hospital stay; LLS: Left lateral section; OT: Operating time; WIT: Warm ischaemic time.