Ischemia/reperfusion injury in porcine intestine - Viability assessment

Table 1 Comparison of modified Swerdlow et al[21,27,28] and Park/Chiu et al[22,26] systems for grading of histological damage on the intestine

Grade	Modified Swerdlow	Park/Chiu
0	No pathological change	Normal mucosa
1	Focal loss of surface epithelium	Subepithelial space at villus tips
2	Mucosal infarction (extensive loss of surface epithelium, loss of variable amounts of lamina propria, sparing of basal glands, intact muscularis mucosae)	Extension of subepithelial space with moderate lifting
3	Submucosal infarction (variable necrosis of submucosa, complete mucosal necrosis, intact muscularis mucosae)	Massive lifting down the sides of the villi, some denuded tips
4	Mural infarction (loss of muscularis mucosae, complete necrosis of mucosa and submucosa)	Denuded villi, dilated capillaries
5	Mural infarction (involvement of inner layer of muscularis propria, complete necrosis of mucosa and submucosa)	Disintegration of lamina propria
6	Transmural infarction (complete necrosis of the bowel wall)	Crypt layer injury
7		Transmucosal infarction
8		Transmural infarction