Sodium chloride exacerbates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by tuning proinflammatory and antiinflammatory lamina propria mononuclear cells through p38/MAPK pathway in mice

Figure 5 Depletion of macrophages reduces the severity of DSS-induced colitis promoted by NaCl. A: Clodronate liposomes (denoted as MDP) or control PBS-liposomes (denoted as PBS) were administrated intravenously to all mice, as the schematic protocol indicated during DSS and NaCl treatment; B: The disease activity index was monitored daily; C: Colon length was measured in each group of mice (n = 10); D: Colon explants were cultured for 24 h and the inflammatory cytokines in supernatants were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (n = 3). ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001 (clodronate liposomes + DSS + NaCl vs DSS + NaCl). DSS: Dextran sulfate sodium.