Sodium chloride exacerbates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by tuning proinflammatory and antiinflammatory lamina propria mononuclear cells through p38/MAPK pathway in mice

Figure 2 NaCl promotes CD4⁺IFN-γ⁺IL-17⁺ T cell increase and inflammatory cytokine secretion in DSS-treated mice. A: The CD4⁺IFN-γ⁺IL-17⁺ T cells in LP, MLN and SP from mice treated with NaCl and/or DSS were detected by flow cytometry; B: Combined flow cytometry data of CD4⁺IL-17⁺, CD4⁺IFN-γ⁺ and CD4⁺IFN-γ⁺IL-17⁺ T cell subsets distribution in LP, MLN and SP; C: Colon tissues collected from mice treated with DSS or DSS + NaCl, which were washed with phosphate-buffered saline and cultured for 24 h, and the supernatants were collected and detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; D: Colon tissues collected from mice treated with NaCl and DSS (or only DSS) were detected by RT-PCR. The relative fold-change in DSS + NaCl-treated mice vs DSS-treated mice. In all the panels, data indicate three separate experiments, whereby 3 mice per group were used in each experiment. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001. DSS: Dextran sulfate sodium; LP: Lamina propria; MLN: Mesenteric lymph node; SP: Spleen.