Short- and long-term outcomes following laparoscopic vs open surgery for pathological T4 colorectal cancer: 10 years of experience in a single center

Table 3 Pathologic outcomes of 211 colorectal cancer cases

Pathologic outcome		LAP	OPEN	P value
		n = 101	n = 110
Number of lymph nodes dissected	< 12	25	38	0.134
	≥ 12	76	72
Lymph node status	+	67	74	1.000
	-	34	36
Margin	R1	2	3	0.779
	R0	99	107
pT stage	T4a	96	89	0.021
	T4b	5	21
pN stage	N0	36	35	0.841
	N1	28	32
	N2	37	43
pTNM stage	IIB + IIC	34	35	0.282
	IIIB	30	24
	IIIC	37	51
Dukes	B	34	35	0.883
	C	67	75
Histological subtype	Adenocarcinoma	87	94	1.000
	Myxoadenocarcinoma	14	16
Differentiation	Poor	20	25	0.719
	Median/high	81	85
HER2	-/+	86	96	0.871
	++	10	10
	+++	5	4

CRC: Colorectal cancer; LAP: Laparoscopic surgery group; OPEN: Open surgery group; SD: Standard deviation; p: Pathological.