Characterization of biofilms in biliary stents and potential factors involved in occlusion

Table 4 Various factors in relation to protein and polysaccharide concentrations

Parameters	Protein (mg/ml)	P value	Polysaccharide concentration (mg/mL)	P value
Gender
Male (n = 41)	0.547 ± 0.242	0.115	0.052 ± 0.021	< 0.0001
Female (n = 40)	0.458 ± 0.259		0.049 ± 0.016
Age
Below 60 (n = 60)	0.386 ± 0.238	0.205	0.038 ± 0.016	0.011
Above 60 (n = 21)	0.468 ± 0.295		0.051 ± 0.026
Etiology of stenting
Cholangitis (n = 50)	0.555 ± 0.225	0.018	0.0512 ± 0.021	0.790
No cholangitis (n = 31)	0.419 ± 0.276		0.050 ± 0.014
Indication of stent insertion
CBD stone (n = 46)	0.518 ± 0.256	0.530	0.051 ± 0.022	0.785
Benign stricture (n = 29)	0.453 ± 0.256		0.050 ± 0.012
Indwelling stent size
7 Fr (n = 62)	0.541 ± 0.238	0.005	0.049 ± 0.015	0.674
10 Fr (n = 19)	0.356 ± 0.252		0.052 ± 0.020
Duration of indwelling stents
< 3 mo (n = 39)	0.481 ± 0.242	0.472	0.0489 ± 0.015	0.385
≥ 3 mo (n = 42)	0.523 ± 0.264		0.0525 ± 0.022
< 6 mo (n = 65)	0.476 ± 0.251	0.060	0.0501 ± 0.017	0.560
≥ 6 mo (n = 16)	0.609 ± 0.240		0.0533 ± 0.026
No of microorganisms detected monomicrobial (n = 13)	0.502 ± 0.263	0.996	0.051 ± 0.018	0.968
Polymicrobial (n = 68)	0.501 ± 0.050		0.049 ± 0.015