Inflammatory bowel disease: An evaluation of health information on the internet

Table 1 Summarizes general information about websites on inflammatory bowel disease included in the study

No.	Website title, Organisation	URL	Authority/ownership, state, country	Year created	Last updated	Number of pages	Number of tables	Number of images	Number of illustrations
1	Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), Mayo Clinic	http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/inflammatory-bowel-disease/basics/definition/con-20034908	Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Arizona, United States	1997	04 Feb 2014	11	0	0	0
2	Inflammatory Bowel Disease Health Center, WebMd	http://www.webmd.com/ibd-crohns-disease/	WebMD, Inc., Georgia, United States.	1998	06 Sep 2013	2	0	3	0
3	Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)	http://www.cdc.gov/ibd/	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Georgia, United States.	1999	04 Sep 2014	3	0	1	1
4	Inflammatory Bowel Disease, NHS Choices	http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/inflammatory-bowel-disease/pages/introduction.aspx	NHS England, Wakefield, United Kingdom.	1996	29 Apr 2013	2	0	0	0
5	What are Crohn's and Colitis? Crohn's and Colitis Foundation	http://www.ccfa.org/what-are-crohns-and-colitis/	Crohns and Colitis Foundation of America, New York, United States.	1996	14 Apr 2014	1	0	1	0
6	Inflammatory Bowel Disease, KidsHealth	http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/digestive/ibd.html	Kids Health Organisaion, The Nemours Foundation, Orlando, United States.	1995	27 Jan 2015	4	0	1	0
7	Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). FamilyDoctor	http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/inflammatory-bowel-disease.html	American Academy of Family Physicians, New Jersey, United States.	1998	22 Jan 2015	7	0	0	0
8	Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Healthline	http://www.healthline.com/health/inflammatory-bowel-disease#Overview1	Healthline, California, United States.	2004	29 Nov 2011	6	0	0	0
9	Crohn's and Colitis, Australia	https://www.crohnsandcolitis.com.au/about-crohns-colitis/inflammatory-bowel-disease/	Crohn's and Colitis Australia, Victoria, Australia.	2009	24 Jul 2014	3	0	1	0
10	Crohn's and Colitis UK	http://www.crohnsandcolitis.org.uk/information-and-support/information-about-ibd/what-is-IBD	Crohn's and Colitis UK, United Kingdom.	2010	13 Nov 2014	2	0	1	0
11	Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) (Intestinal Problems of IBD), MedicineNet	http://www.medicinenet.com/inflammatory_bowel_disease_intestinal_problems/article.htm	Medicine.Net.com, WebMed Network, New York, United States.	1995	6 Sep 2013	12	0	27	0
12	Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Cedars-Sinai	http://www.cedars-sinai.edu/Patients/Programs-and-Services/Inflammatory-Bowel-Disease-Center/	Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, California, United States.	1992	5 Jul 2013	2	0	0	0
13	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Symptoms and Treatment: Livescience	http://www.livescience.com/39880-inflammatory-bowel-disease.html	Tanya Lewis, LiveScience Contributor, New York, United States.	2001	10 Apr 2014	11	0	1	0
14	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Program, Penn Medicine.org	http://www.pennmedicine.org/gastroenterology/patient-care/gi-diseases/inflammatory-bowel-disease-ibd/	Penn Medicine, Pennsylvania, United Stats.	2003	6 Nov 2014	4	0	0	0
15	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Support Groups, IBDsupport.org	http://www.ibdsupport.org/	IBD support.org, Utah, United States.	2011	30 May 2014	2	0	0	0
16	Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), ABC Health and wellbeing	http://www.abc.net.au/health/library/stories/2012/02/22/3435688.htm	Australian Broadcasting Corporation, NSW, Australia.	2001	3 Dec 2014	4	0	1	0
17	Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), GIKids	http://www.gikids.org/content/7/en/IBD	GIKids and The NASPGHAN Foundation, Pennsylvania, United States.	2009	11 Jun 2013	2	0	1	0
18	Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Vitamin D Council	https://www.vitamindcouncil.org/health-conditions/inflammatory-bowel-disease/	The Vitamin D Council, California, United States.	2007	17 Jun 2011	6	0	0	0
19	Inflammatory Bowel Disease Symptoms and Diagnosis, Seattle children's	http://www.seattlechildrens.org/medical-conditions/digestive-gastrointestinal-conditions/ibd-symptoms/	Children's Hospital and Regional Med. Ctr, Washington, United States.	1993	23 Apr 2014	2	0	0	0
20	Crohn's Disease, Patient.co.uk	http://www.patient.co.uk/health/crohns-disease-leaflet	Patient, Patient information Publications, Leeds, United Kingdom.	1997	05 Mar 2013	8	0	0	1
21	Patient Information Crohn Disease (Beyond and the Basics), Uptodate	http://www.uptodate.com/contents/crohn-disease-beyond-the-basics	UpToDate, Wolters Kluwer Health, Illinois, United States.	1998	29 Jul 2014	5	0	0	0
22	Crohn's Disease, Centre for digestive diseases	http://www.cdd.com.au/pages/disease_info/crohns_disease.html	The Centre for Digestive Diseases, NSW, Australia.		08 Jul 2013	4	0	0	0
23	Crohn's Disease, Patients: British Society for Gastroenterology	http://www.bsg.org.uk/patients/general/crohn-s-disease.html	British Society of Gastroenterology, London, United Kingdom.	1996	05 Aug 2014	6	0	0	0
24	Crohn's Disease, Bupa	http://www.bupa.co.uk/health-information/directory/c/crohns-disease	The British United Provident Association Ltd, London, United Kingdom	1996	16 Jun 2014	6	0	0	1
25	Crohn's Disease, University of Maryland Medical Center	http://umm.edu/health/medical/reports/articles/crohns-disease	University of Maryland Medical Center, Maryland, United States	1996	19 Sep 2013	20	0	0	0
26	Crohn's Disease, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Southern Cross	https://www.southerncross.co.nz/AboutTheGroup/HealthResources/MedicalLibrary/tabid/178/vw/1/ItemID/523/Crohns-disease-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment.aspx	Southern Cross Healthcare Group; Auckland, New Zealand.	1998	01 Feb 2015	5	0	0	0
27	Crohn's Disease, American family physician	http://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/1215/p1379.html	American Academy of Family Physicians, Kansas, United States	1995	02 Jul 2014	2	0	0	0
28	What is Crohn's Disease? What Causes Crohn's Disease? MNT	http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/151620.php	Christian Nordquist, MNT, Sussex, United Kingdom.	2003	02 Jan 2014	7	0	0	0
29	Crohn's Disease, Netdoctor	http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/diseases/facts/crohnsdisease.htm	NetDoctor.co. Ltd, London, United Kingdom.	1998	24 Aug 2014	7	0	1	0
30	Crohn's Disease, UCSF medical center	http://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/crohns_disease/	University of California San Francisco Medical Center, California, United States.	2000	04 Jan 2012	2	0	0	0
31	Crohn's Disease Symptoms and Treatment, US.news Wellness	http://health.usnews.com/health-news/health-wellness/articles/2013/08/03/crohns-disease-symptoms-and-treatment	Guido Zanni, US News, New York, United States,	1995	22 Jan 2015	3	0	0	0
32	What are the treatments for Crohn's disease? Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center	http://www.bidmc.org/Centers-and-Departments/Departments/Digestive-Disease-Center/Inflammatory-Bowel-Disease-Program/Crohns-Disease/What-are-the-treatments-for-Crohns-disease.aspx	Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Massachusetts, United States.	2002	16 Mar 2006	15	0	4	1
33	Diagnosing Crohn's, Crohn's and Me.	http://www.crohnsandme.com/crohns-information/crohns-disease-diagnosis.aspx	UCB Multinational Biopharmaceutical Company, Brussels, Belgium	2005	29 Apr 2014	9	1	1	1
34	Understanding Crohn's Disease, Crohn's and Colitis.	http://www.crohnsandcolitisinfo.com/Crohns/What-is-Crohns-Disease	Crohn's and Colitis, Illinois, United States	2011	02 Oct 2014	8	0	1	1
35	Learning About Crohn's Disease, National Human Genome Research Institute	http://www.genome.gov/25521854	National Human Genome Research Institute, Massachusetts, United States		27 Sep 2011	2	0	0	0
36	Crohn's Disease, UPMC Life Changing Medicine	http://www.upmc.com/services/digestive-disorders-center/services/ibd/conditions/pages/crohns-disease.aspx	UPMC Digestive Disorders Center, UPMC Presbyterian, Pennsylvania, United States	1999	04 Mar 2014	3	0	0	0
37	Crohn's Disease, Cincinnati Children's	http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/c/crohns/	Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Ohio, United States	1998	15 may 2012	4	0	1	0
38	Crohn's Disease, Cleveland clinic	http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases_conditions/hic_Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease_IBD_QandA/hic_Crohns_Disease	The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio, United States	1998	02 Jan 2015	2	0	0	0
39	Treatment of Crohn's Disease, UNC Multidisciplinary Center for IBD Research and Treatment	http://www.med.unc.edu/gi/specialties/ibd/about-ibd/treatment-of-ibd-1/treatment-of-crohns-disease	UNC, School of Medicine, North Carolina, United States	1986	07 Mar 2013	9	0	9	10
40	Crohn's Disease, Emedicine health	http://www.emedicinehealth.com/crohn_disease/article_em.htm	EMedicine.com Inc, WebMD Network, Georgia, United States	2003	06 Sep 2013	10	0	0	1
41	Understanding Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. Australian Gastroenterology Institute.	http://www.nevdgp.org.au/info/gastro/crohns.htm	Australian Gastroenterology Institute, Digestive Health Foundation, New South Wales, Australia		02 Jun 2014	3	0	0	0
42	Crohn's Disease, Health Centers	http://www.drweil.com/drw/u/ART00339/Crohns-Disease.html	Weil's Foundation, Arizona, United States	1999	16 Jan 2012	3	0	1	0
43	Crohn's Disease- An Overview, the Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne	http://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Crohns_Disease_an_overview/	The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria, Australia		19 Jun 2014	3	0	0	0
44	Fighting Inflammatory Bowel Disease Together, the Irish Society for Colitis and Crohn's Disease	http://www.iscc.ie/page.php?id=18&title=What%20is%20IBD	The Irish Society for Colitis and Crohn's Disease, Dublin, United Kingdom	2000	05 Jan 2014	4	0	10	1
45	Crohn's Disease Diagnosis, New health guide	http://www.newhealthguide.org/Crohn%27s-Disease-Diagnosis.html	New Health Guide, United States	2013	10 Feb 15.	3	0	1	0
46	Crohn's Disease, HealthDay.	http://consumer.healthday.com/encyclopedia/digestive-health-14/digestion-health-news-200/crohn-s-disease-644392.html	HealthDay, New York, United States	2002	15 Apr 2014	4	0	0	0
47	Ulcerative Colitis, Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcerative_colitis	Wikimedia Foundation, Inc, California, United States	2001	08 May 2012	14	6	6	1
48	Living with UC, Do You Know Your Treatment Options?	http://www.livingwithuc.ca/	Janssen Inc., Canada	2010,	May 2014	8	4	0	2
49	What Is Ulcerative Colitis? Everyday Health	http://www.everydayhealth.com/conditions/ulcerative-colitis	Everyday Health Media, LLC, New York, United States	2004	10 Feb 2014	14	0	0	0
50	What Is Ulcerative Colitis? News Medical	http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Ulcerative-Colitis.aspx	The AZO Network, New South Wales, Australia	2004	26 Feb 2015	2	0	0	0
51	Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis, Better Health Channel	http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Crohn%27s_disease_and_ulcerative_colitis	Crohn's and Colitis, The State Government of Victoria, Victoria, Australia	2007	28 Sep 2014	4	0	0	0
52	Ulcerative Colitis, Jackson Siegelbaum Gastroenterology	http://gicare.com/diseases/ulcerative-colitis/	Jackson Gastroenterology Ltd, Central Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, United States	1997	07 April 2014	3	0	0	3
53	Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn's and Colitis Canada	http://www.crohnsandcolitis.ca/site/c.dtJRL9NUJmL4H/b.9012449/k.C223/Ulcerative_Colitis.htm	Crohn's and Colitis, Canada	2008	19 Dec 2013	12	0	0	1
54	Ulcerative Colitis, Healthgrades	http://www.healthgrades.com/conditions/ulcerative-colitis	HealthGrades, Inc, Colorado, United States	1999	08 May 2014	4	0	0	0
55	Information for Those with Ulcerative Colitis, Colitis UK	http://www.ulcerativecolitis.org.uk/	Colitis UK, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom	2005	20 Oct 2013	10	0	0	0
56	Colitis and Chronic Ulcerative Colitis, Virginia Mason	https://www.virginiamason.org/ColitisandChronicUlcerativeColitis	Virginia Mason Medical Center, Washington, United States	1998	07 May 2008	3	0	0	0
57	Ulcerative Colitis, GastroNet	http://www.gastro.net.au/diseases/ulcerativecolitis.html	GastroNet Australia Pty Ltd, Canberra, Australia	2009	12 May 2014	5	2	4	5
58	Ulcerative Colitis, Ulcerative Colitis Net.	http://www.ulcerativecolitis.net/	Serovera, Florida, United States	2000	28 Feb 2014	9	3	1	0
59	Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Lab Tests Online	http://labtestsonline.org/understanding/conditions/inflammatory-bowel	American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC), Washington, DC, United States	2001	08 Nov 2010	3	3	0	2
60	Inflammatory Bowel Disease Fact Sheet, Womenshealth.gov	http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/inflammatory-bowel-disease.html	Womenshealth.gov, the US Department of Health and Human Services	1995	29 Nov 2014	3	0	0	3
61	Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), Innerbody	http://www.innerbody.com/diseases-conditions/ibd	InnerBody, California, United States	1996	02 Oct 2012	5	2	3	4
62	Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), Rightdiagnosis	http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/i/inflammatory_bowel_disease/intro.htm	Rightdiagnosis. com, United States	2005	11 Jul 2013	2	1	5	0
63	Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Lifescript.com	http://www.lifescript.com/health/centers/digestive/related_conditions/inflammatory_bowel_disease.aspx	LifeScript, California, United States	1999	05 May 2014	1	5	2	1
64	Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), MUSC Health	http://www.ddc.musc.edu/public/symptomsDiseases/diseases/smallBowel/IBD.html	Digestive Disease Center, The Medical University of South Carolina, South Carolina, United States	1990	21 May 2013	1	1	1	0
65	Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn's Disease, New York-Presbyterian Digestive Diseases.	http://nyp.org/services/digestive/ibd.html	NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, United States	1998	24 Aug 2007	1	2	0	0
66	Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Human Diseases and Conditions Forum.	http://www.humanillnesses.com/original/Her-Kid/Inflammatory-Bowel-Disease.html	Human Diseases and Conditions Forum, United States	2006	16 Oct 2013	2	3	1	0
67	Facts About Crohn's Disease, US. Food and Drug Administration	http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm107358.htm	US Food and Drug Administration, The US Department of Health and Human Services, Maryland, United States	1997	14 Oct 2014	1	3	2	1
68	Crohn's Disease Symptoms and warning Signs, SymptomFind	http://www.symptomfind.com/diseases-conditions/crohns-disease-symptoms-warning-signs/	Symptom.Find.Com. United States	2008	21 Jun 2014	3	2	1	2
69	Crohn's Disease-At a Glance, SixPartsWater.Org	http://www.sixpartswater.org/knowledge-centre/crohns-disease/glance	SixPartsWater.Org, United Kingdom	2007	02 Oct 2012	2	1	3	0
70	Ulcerative Colitis, eMedTV	http://colitis.emedtv.com/ulcerative-colitis/ulcerative-colitis.html	eMedTV, Washington, United States	2005	07 May 2014	3	0	5	2
71	Crohn's Disease, Department of Surgery, University of California.	http://colorectal.surgery.ucsf.edu/conditions--procedures/crohns-disease.aspx	Department of Surgery, University of California, California, United States	1986	10 Oct 2013	1	1	4	1
72	Crohn's Disease, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases	http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/crohns-disease/Pages/facts.aspx	The National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIDDK, Maryland, United States	2002	20 Jul 2014	1	1	2	0
73	Crohn's Disease, Patient Education Center	http://www.patienteducationcenter.org/articles/crohns-disease/	Patient Education Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Medical Publications, Massachusetts, United States	2003	20 Jun 2014	2	0	3	0
74	Crohn's Disease Information, alot health	http://health.alot.com/conditions/crohns-disease-information--163	Alot Health.Com, Arkansas, United States	1994	15 Aug 2014	3	1	1	1
75	Crohn's Disease, Diagnose-me.Com	http://www.diagnose-me.com/symptoms-of/crohns-disease.html	Diagnose-me.Com, Hawaii, United States	2002	21 Jan 2014	1	3	4	1
76	Crohns Disease Information: Is Colon Cleansing the Answer, Colon Cleanse Information	http://www.colon-cleanse-information.com/crohns-disease-information.html	Colon-Cleanse-Information.Com, MKR Concepts, Oregon, United States	2007	11 Nov 2014	3	0	5	0
77	Crohn's Disease or Regional Enteritis, MD India.	http://www.medindia.net/patients/patientinfo/Crohns-Disease.htm	Medindia4u.com Pvt. Ltd, Chennai, India	2000	21 Nov 2014	5	0	1	0
78	Crohn's Disease Information, Digestive Disorders	http://www.articleinsider.com/health-and-fitness/digestive-disorders/crohns-disease-information	Digestive Disorders, United States	2003	03 Sep 2014	2	1	2	1
79	Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Patient Center, American College of Gastroenterology	http://patients.gi.org/topics/inflammatory-bowel-disease/	Patient Center, American College of Gastroenterology, Maryland, United States	1996	16 May 2013	4	3	1	2
80	Crohn's Disease:Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment, Disabled World.Com	http://www.disabled-world.com/health/digestive/crohns-disease/	Disabled World.Com, New York, United States	2004	29 Oct 2012	1	3	4	1
81	Crohn's Disease, Nutritionist Resource	http://www.nutritionist-resource.org.uk/articles/crohns-disease.html	Nutritionist Resource, Surrey, United Kingdom	2010	9 Feb 15	3	1	3	0
82	Crohn's Disease: Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment, verywell.com	http://seniorhealth.about.com/cs/digestivetract/a/crohns_2.htm	Verywell.com part of about.com, Inc., United States	1999	10 Feb 14	6	0	4	0
83	Ulcerative Colitis, Halyard Surgical.	http://www.ulcerative-colitis.org/	Halyard Surgical, New South Wales, Australia	2003	7 Nov 14	2	0	6	1
84	Ulcerative Colitis Overview, Health Communities.com	http://www.healthcommunities.com/colitis/ulcerative-colitis-overview.shtml	Healthcommunities.com, New York, United States	1998	10 May 13	3	2	0	0

IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; NHS: National Health Service; UNC: University of North Carolina.