Pseudopolyps in inflammatory bowel diseases: Have we learned enough?

Table 3 Characteristics for differential diagnosis between pseudopolyps, adenoma-like DALM and non-adenoma-like DALM

	Pseudopolyps	Adenoma-like DALM	Non-adenoma-like DALM
Number	Often multiple	Can be multiple, usually solitary	Usually solitary
Location	Located in area inside colitis	Located in area inside and outside colitis	Located in area inside colitis
Endoscopic appearance	Smooth surface, can have exudate, definite borders, pale surface	Well circumscribed, definite borders, smooth surface sessile or pedunculated	Not amenable to endoscopic removal, irregular borders, often ulcerated or necrotic material
Management	No necessity for removal or biopsies except doubt	Endoscopic removal and endoscopic surveillance if dysplasia not recognized in adjacent mucosa or in other area of colitis	Proctocolectomy when HDG in lesion or multifocal LGD in area of colitis

DALM: Dysplasia-associated lesion or mass; HGD: High-grade dysplasia; LGD: Low-grade dysplasia.