Simple pain measures reveal psycho-social pathology in patients with Crohn’s disease

Table 9 Comparison of social questionnaires with the pain measures - Hardcopy

Variables	P-HBI					SF-36					SIBDQ
	No pain	Mild pain	Moderate pain	Severe pain	P value	No pain	Mild pain	Moderate pain	Severe pain	P value	No pain	Mild pain	Moderate pain	Severe pain	P value
GSI	0.6 ± 0.5	1.0 ± 0.6	1.4 ± 0.7	1.6 ± 1.0	< 0.001	0.5 ± 0.5	1.0 ± 0.7	1.3 ± 0.8	1.4 ± 0.7	< 0.001	0.5 ± 0.5	1.0 ± 0.6	1.3 ± 0.8	1.7 ± 0.8	< 0.001
COPE: Emotion-focused Strategies	23.4 ± 5.8	24.6 ± 5.8	24.5 ± 6.0	25.3 ± 7.9	0.234	23.4 ± 5.9	24.4 ± 5.8	23.8 ± 6.4	26.3 ± 6.0	0.302	23.3 ± 6.0	25.1 ± 5.6	24.4 ± 5.3	22.5 ± 8.3	0.076
COPE: Problem-focused Strategies	15.6 ± 5.0	15.6 ± 4.8	16.1 ± 4.7	14.6 ± 4.4	0.725	15.2 ± 5.2	15.8 ± 4.6	15.8 ± 4.8	17.1 ± 4.3	0.642	15.4 ± 5.3	15.8 ± 4.6	16.4 ± 4.3	14.0 ± 3.8	0.192
COPE: Dysfunctional Strategies	19.8 ± 5.4	22.6 ± 5.3	23.5 ± 6.4	23.1 ± 7.2	< 0.001	19.7 ± 5.7	22.3 ± 5.5	22.9 ± 6.3	24.5 ± 5.1	< 0.001	19.6 ± 5.4	22.8 ± 5.3	24.1 ± 6.3	21.5 ± 7.0	< 0.001
FAD	1.7 ± 0.5	1.8 ± 0.6	1.8 ± 0.5	1.9 ± 0.7	0.088	1.7 ± 0.5	1.8 ± 0.5	1.8 ± 0.6	1.6 ± 0.5	0.224	1.7 ± 0.5	1.8 ± 0.5	1.7 ± 0.5	1.9 ± 0.6	0.016
SWLS	24.4 ± 6.1	22.7 ± 7.6	20.3 ± 7.7	20.2 ± 10.8	0.003	24.4 ± 6.3	23.0 ± 7.2	20.1 ± 8.6	18.6 ± 8.2	0.002	25.1 ± 5.8	22.7 ± 7.4	19.8 ± 7.5	16.5 ± 10.3	< 0.001
WPAI: Absenteeism	3.4 ± 11.9	5.3 ± 12.2	19.2 ± 29.5	57.8 ± 29.1	< 0.001	2.5 ± 11.0	6.4 ± 16.0	25.6 ± 28.4	19.7 ± 33.1	< 0.001	1.8 ± 5.8	6.8 ± 18.3	19.4 ± 24.8	41.1 ± 37.8	< 0.001
WPAI: Presenteesism	14.4 ± 21.4	31.5 ± 29.1	46.0 ± 33.5	78.0 ± 22.8	< 0.001	13.2 ± 22.2	27.5 ± 24.6	58.3 ± 33.8	64.4 ± 39.4	< 0.001	11.2 ± 19.7	31.7 ± 25.8	53.0 ± 32.6	70.0 ± 27.5	< 0.001
WPAI: Work productivity loss	14.8 ± 22.2	29.7 ± 27.2	45.5 ± 34.9	86.1 ± 11.3	< 0.001	12.9 ± 21.2	28.3 ± 25.4	58.0 ± 34.9	57.7 ± 41.9	< 0.001	10.4 ± 16.4	32.7 ± 27.0	52.3 ± 33.7	70.5 ± 29.6	< 0.001
WPAI: Activity Impairment	17.3 ± 23.9	32.1 ± 26.6	53.5 ± 28.6	75.7 ± 21.4	< 0.001	13.4 ± 22.1	32.8 ± 25.1	57.6 ± 29.4	69.4 ± 31.7	< 0.001	12.6 ± 20.6	35.5 ± 25.4	56.3 ± 26.2	75.0 ± 23.8	< 0.001

P-HBI and SF-36 measure pain intensity whereas SIBDQ measures pain frequency. Data are mean ± SD. P-HBI: Patient Harvey-Bradshaw Index; SF-36: Short Form Health Survey; SIBDQ: Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire; GSI: Global Severity Index; COPE: Brief Cope Inventory; FAD: McMaster Family Assessment Device; SWLS: Satisfaction with Life Scale; WPAI: Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire.