Simple pain measures reveal psycho-social pathology in patients with Crohn’s disease

Table 4 Comparison of demographic variables with the pain measures in the whole cohort n (%)

Variables	P-HBI					SF-36					SIBDQ
	No pain	Mild pain	Moderate pain	Severe pain	P value	No pain	Mild pain	Moderate pain	Severe pain	P value	No pain	Mild pain	Moderate pain	Severe pain	P value
Education (yr)	15.1 ± 2.9	14.7 ± 2.8	14.8 ± 3.1	13.5 ± 3.1	0.017	14.8 ± 2.7	15.0 ± 2.7	14.6 ± 3.8	14.3 ± 3.1	0.463	15.1 ± 3.0	14.9 ± 2.8	14.7 ± 3.0	13.3 ± 2.5	0.001
Gender					0.005					< 0.001
Female	100 (32.1)	107 (34.3)	87 (27.9)	18 (5.8)		74 (23.7)	156 (50.0)	62 (19.9)	20 (6.4)		103 (33.0)	105 (33.7)	81 (26.0)	23 (7.4)	0.054
Male	103 (45.4)	69 (30.4)	40 (17.6)	15 (6.6)		88 (38.8)	106 (46.7)	25 (11.0)	8 (3.5)		96 (42.3)	76 (33.5)	39 (17.2)	16 (7.0)
Economic status					< 0.001					< 0.001
Poor	22 (19.6)	36 (32.1)	40 (35.7)	14 (12.5)		11 (9.8)	57 (50.9)	33 (29.5)	11 (9.8)		17 (15.2)	36 (32.1)	38 (33.9)	21 (18.8)	< 0.001
Moderate	105 (35.5)	110 (37.2)	65 (22.0)	16 (5.4)		96 (32.4)	150 (50.7)	39 (13.2)	11 (3.7)		112 (37.8)	104 (35.1)	64 (21.6)	16 (5.4)
Good	88 (49.7)	49 (27.7)	35 (19.8)	5 (2.8)		66 (37.3)	78 (44.1)	25 (14.1)	8 (4.5)		79 (44.6)	66 (37.3)	26 (14.7)	6 (3.4)
Birthplace					0.048					0.015
Western	19 (76.0)	3 (12.0)	2 (8.0)	1 (4.0)		12 (48.0)	9 (36.0)	1 (4.0)	3 (12.0)		19 (76.0)	4 (16.0)	1 (4.0)	1 (4.0)	0.013
Asia-Africa	14 (43.8)	12 (37.5)	5 (15.6)	1 (3.1)		7 (21.9)	16 (50.0)	9 (28.1)	0 (0)		13 (40.6)	13 (40.6)	6 (18.8)	0 (0.0)
FSU	15 (44.1)	15 (44.1)	3 (8.8)	1 (2.9)		14 (41.2)	19 (55.9)	0 (0.0)	1 (2.9)		20 (58.8)	9 (26.5)	4 (11.8)	1 (2.9)
Israel	111 (39.9)	92 (33.1)	61 (21.9)	14 (5.0)		90 (32.4)	128 (46.0)	46 (16.5)	14 (5.0)		105 (37.8)	98 (35.3)	56 (20.1)	19 (6.8)
Current smoker					0.052					0.170
No	175 (38.5)	152 (33.5)	104 (22.9)	23 (5.1)		140 (30.8)	220 (48.5)	75 (16.5)	19 (4.2)		172 (37.9)	156 (34.4)	102 (22.5)	24 (5.3)	< 0.001
Yes	29 (25.9)	41 (36.6)	32 (28.6)	10 (8.9)		29 (25.9)	52 (46.4)	21 (18.8)	10 (8.9)		26 (23.2)	43 (38.4)	25 (22.3)	18 (16.1)
Working					< 0.001					< 0.001
No	61 (32.8)	51 (27.4)	51 (27.4)	23 (12.4)		40 (21.5)	86 (46.2)	45 (24.2)	15 (8.1)		60 (32.3)	53 (28.5)	50 (26.9)	23 (12.4)	< 0.001
Yes	152 (39.9)	140 (36.7)	77 (20.2)	12 (3.1)		130 (34.1)	183 (48.0)	52 (13.6)	16 (4.2)		147 (38.6)	143 (37.5)	74 (19.4)	17 (4.5)

P-HBI and SF-36 measure pain intensity whereas SIBDQ measures pain frequency. Data are mean ± SD or n (%). P-HBI: Patient Harvey-Bradshaw Index; SF-36: Short Form Health Survey; SIBDQ: Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire.