Simple pain measures reveal psycho-social pathology in patients with Crohn’s disease

Table 2 Demographic parameters and disease characteristics of the Crohn’s disease cohort

Patient characteristic	Total cohort	Internet questionnaire	Hardcopy questionnaire	P value1
	n = 594	n = 370	n = 224
Age (yr)				0.151
mean ± SD	38.56 ± 14.06	36.99 ± 12.65	39.48 ± 14.77
Median (min-max) (IQR)	35 (18-79) (28-47)	35 (18-72) (26 -44)	35 (19-79) (28-49)
Education (yr)				0.043
mean ± SD	14.81 ± 2.93	15.05 ± 2.65	14.66 ± 3.08
Disease duration (yr)				0.234
mean ± SD	11.05 ± 8.73	10.39 ± 8.23	11.45 ± 9.00
Median (min-max) (IQR)	10 (0-47) (4-15.5)	10 (0-41) (3-16)	10 (0-47) (5-15)
Female gender	57.6%	59.78%	56.90%	0.521
Married/living together	58.6%	57.01%	60.16%	0.452
Economic status
Good	29.8%	25.45%	33.15%	0.040
Moderate	49.8%	57.27%	46.58%
Poor	18.9%	17.27%	20.27%
Current cigarette smoking	18.9%	16.97%	21.55%	0.183
Biologic medication	45.1%	44.64%	45.41%	0.856
Surgery, ever	33.3%	32.59%	33.78%	0.765
Hospitalization in past year	25.3%	26.79%	24.32%	0.503
Patient Harvey-Bradshaw Index (P-HBI)	5.76 ± 5.15	6.70 ± 5.69	5.32 ± 4.83	0.002
P-HBI sub-groups
Disease remission (score < 5)	44.60%	66 (40.00%)	199 (55.74%)	0.003
Mild disease (score 5-7)	20.00%	47 (28.48%)	72 (20.17%)
Moderate disease (score 8-16)	19.40%	40 (24.24%)	75 (21.01%)
Severe disease (score > 16)	3.90%	12 (7.27%)	11 (3.08%)

¹Statistical differences between internet and hardcopy source of questionnaires.