Second-line bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication and impact of diabetes

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients n (%)

Variable	Patients (n = 6361)
Age (yr, mean ± SD)	54.6 ± 11.6
Gender
Male	354 (55.7)
Female	282 (44.3)
Residence
Rural	126 (19.8)
Urban	510 (80.2)
Cigarette smoking	174/605 (28.8)
Alcohol intake	279/605 (46.1)
Diabetes mellitus	61/605 (10.1)
Hypertension	121/605 (20.0)
Endoscopic findings
Gastric ulcer	205 (32.2)
Duodenal ulcer	193 (30.3)
Gastric ulcer + Duodenal ulcer	40 (6.3)
Post ESD due to adenoma or EGC	91 (14.3)
Nodular gastritis	29 (4.6)
Others2	78 (12.2)

¹Total number of enrolled patients; missing values are not included. The number behind the dash is the total number of subjects who answered each question.

²Others include MALT lymphoma, dyspepsia, gastric polyp and intestinal metaplasia. ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; EGC: Early gastric cancer; MALT lymphoma: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.