Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging in quiescent Crohn’s disease patients with fatigue

Table 1 Demographic characteristics

	CD patients (n = 20)	Controls (n = 17)	P value
Age (yr) at inclusion, mean ± SD	30.1 ± 6.2	28.5 (6.7)	0.460
Female, n (%)	17 (85.0)	13 (76.5)	0.680
HBI score, mean ± SD1	2.2 ± 1.1	-	-
Age of IBD onset (yr), mean ± SD	21.4 ± 5.7	-	-
IBD disease duration (yr), mean ± SD	8.8 ± 7.2	-	-
Smoker, n (%)	11 (55.0)	4.0 (23.5)	0.400
VAS, mean ± SD	7.4 (1.3)	3.4 (2.3)	< 0.001
MFI, mean ± SD	66.1 (13.3)	36.4 (10.3)	< 0.001
General Fatigue	16.4 (2.8)	8.9 (3.3)	< 0.001
Physical Fatigue	14.4 (3.0)	6.2 (2.2)	< 0.001
Mental Fatigue	12.8 (4.1)	7.2 (2.9)	< 0.001
Reduced Activity	10.7 (3.5)	6.9 (2.7)	< 0.001
Reduced Motivation	12.0 (3.6)	7.1 (2.7)	< 0.001
Education level, n (%)			0.001
Lowa	4 (20)	-
Intermediateb	10 (50)	2 (11.8)
Highc	6 (30)	15 (88.2)
Montreal classification
Location CD, n (%)
L1 ileal	3 (15.0)	-	-
L2 colonic	2 (10.0)	-	-
L3 ileocolonic	15 (75.0)	-	-
L4 upper	-	-	-
L1-3 + L4	-	-	-
Behaviour CD, n (%)
B1 non-stricturing/penetrating	15 (75.0)	-	-
B2 stricturing	3 (15.0)	-	-
B3 penetrating	2 (10.0)	-	-
+ Perianal disease	3 (15.0)	-	-
Medication use, n (%)
Immunosuppressive drugs (Aza/6MP)	12 (60.0)	-	-
None	8 (40.0)	-	-

¹HBI missing of 1 Crohn’s disease (CD) patient.

^aLow: primary education (elementary school) and lower secondary education (preparatory secondary education);

^bIntermediate: higher secondary education (higher general continued education, pre-university secondary education) and postsecondary education (intermediate vocational education);

^cHigh: tertiary education (higher professional education, university). To correct for multiple testing, the level of significance was set at P < 0.01 for the MFI score. HBI: Harvey Bradshaw Index; VAS: Visual Analogue Scale; MFI: Multidimensional fatigue index.