3D-printed “fistula stent” designed for management of enterocutaneous fistula: An advanced strategy

Figure 1 Fabrication and implantation of 3D-printed fistula stent. A and B: 3D-reconstructed fistulography of the ECF: the diameters of the proximal and distal GI tract were 15 mm and 12 mm, respectively, bar = 1 mm (red arrow: ECF); C: Flexibility of fistula stent made of TPU, bar = 15 mm; D: Shape memory of the fistula stent after application of an external force, bar = 15 mm; E and G: The process of the fistula stent implantation. ECF: Enterocutaneous fistula.