Complications and management of forgotten long-term biliary stents

Table 3 Complications and outcomes according to biliary stent duration n (%)

Variable	Total	1-2 yr	Over 2 yr	P value
	(n = 38)	(n = 28)	(n = 10)
Age, yr	73.7 ± 12.1	75.6 ± 10.0	68.3 ± 16.1	0.104
Sex, male/female	26/14(68.4/31.6)	19/9(67.9/32.1)	7/3 (70/30)	1.000
Duration of stent-stay, mo	22.6 ± 12.2	16.4 ± 3.0	39.7 ± 11.7	0.001
Complications of stents
Jaundice	13 (34.2)	11 (39.3)	2 (20.0)	0.441
Cholangitis	36 (94.7)	26 (92.9)	10 (100.0)	1.000
Pancreatitis	2 (5.3)	1 (3.6)	1 (10.0)	0.462
Internal migration	5 (13.2)	3 (10.7)	2 (20.0)	0.592
Presence of CBD stone	35 (92.1)	25 (89.3)	10 (100.0)	0.552
Endoscopic treatment
Stone removal	28 (73.7)	21 (75.0)	7 (70.0)	1.000
Stent removal	35 (92.1)	26 (92.9)	9 (90.0)	1.000
Stent reinsertion	19 (50.0)	16 (57.1)	3 (15.8)	0.269
Additional stent insertion	3 (7.9)	2 (7.1)	1 (10.0)	1.000

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; CBD: Common bile duct.