Presence of columnar-lined esophagus is negatively associated with the presence of esophageal varices in Japanese alcoholic men

Table 5 Background of the Japanese alcoholic men with liver cirrhosis according to whether they had esophageal varices n (%)

	Esophageal varices
	Absent	All forms	P value	Advanced forms	P1 value
n	152	174		88
Age (yr)
mean ± SE	55.9 ± 0.7	54.5 ± 0.7	0.16	54.3 ± 1.0	0.21
Alcohol consumption (g ethanol/d)
mean ± SE	124 ± 7	133 ± 7	0.37	142 ± 11	0.18
Ever smoker	132 (86.8)	155 (89.1)	0.61	83 (94.3)	0.081
Columnar-lined esophagus ≥ 5 mm	35 (23.0)	18 (10.3)	0.003	5 (5.7)	0.0005
Hiatal hernia ≥ 10 mm	28 (18.4)	27 (15.5)	0.55	12 (13.6)	0.37
Child-Pugh class
A	93 (61.2)	88 (50.6)		41 (46.6)
B	50 (32.9)	64 (36.8)		32 (36.4)
C	9 (5.9)	22 (12.6)	0.053	15 (17.0)	0.011
Gastric varices
Absent	137 (90.1)	141 (81.0)		65 (73.9)
Cardia, cardia and fornix	2 (1.3)	23 (13.2)		17 (19.3)
Fornix	13 (8.6)	10 (5.7)	< 0.0001	6 (6.8%)	< 0.0001
Portal hypertensive gastropathy	151	173
Absent	88 (58.3)	55 (31.8)		27 (30.7)
Grade 1	50 (33.1)	78 (45.1)		39 (44.3)
Grade 2	10 (6.6)	25 (14.5)		12 (11.4)
Grade 3	3 (2.0)	15 (8.7)	< 0.0001	15 (8.4)	< 0.0001
Anti-HCV antibody positive	8 (5.3)	13 (7.5)	0.50	8 (9.1)	0.29
HBs antigen positive	4 (2.6)	4 (2.3)	1.00	1 (1.1)	0.65
ALDH2 genotype
*1/*1	134 (88.2)	156 (89.7)		77 (87.5)
*1/*2	18 (11.8)	18 (10.3)		11 (12.5)
*2/*2	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0.72	0 (0.0)	1.00
ADH1B genotype
*1/*1	32 (21.1)	36 (20.7)		15 (17.0)
*1/*2	51 (33.6)	68 (39.1)		37 (42.0)
*2/*2	69 (45.4)	70 (40.2)	0.55	36 (40.9)	0.41

¹Advanced forms of EVs vs no EVs. ADH1B: Alcohol dehydrogenase-1B; ALDH2: Aldehyde dehydrogenase-2; EVs: Esophageal varices; P values were calculated by Student's t-test for mean values, and Fisher's exact test for percent data.