Presence of columnar-lined esophagus is negatively associated with the presence of esophageal varices in Japanese alcoholic men

Table 3 Background of the Japanese alcoholic men with and without a columnar-lined esophagus n (%)

	Columnar-lined esophagus ≥ 5 mm
	Absent	Present	P value
n	1259	355
Age (yr), mean ± SE	55.6 ± 0.3	55.8 ± 0.5	0.75
Usual alcohol consumption (g ethanol), mean ± SE	123 ± 2	121 ± 4	0.69
Ever smoker	1151 (91.4)	318 (89.6)	0.29
Hiatal hernia ≥ 10 mm	218 (17.3)	163 (45.9)	< 0.0001
No liver cirrhosis and no EVs	983 (78.1)	299 (84.2)
Liver cirrhosis and no EVs	117 (9.3)	35 (9.9)
EVs	159 (12.6)	21 (5.9)	0.001
Gastric varices
Absent	1215 (96.5)	350 (98.6)
Cardia, cardia and fornix	23 (1.8)	2 (0.6)
Fornix	21 (1.7)	3 (0.8)	0.13
Portal hypertensive gastropathy	1256	355
Absent	947 (75.4)	284 (80.0)
Grade 1	218 (17.4)	53 (14.9)
Grade 2,3	91 (7.2)	18 (5.1)	0.17
ALDH2 genotype,
*1/*1	1077 (85.5)	300 (84.5)
*1/*2	182 (14.5)	55 (15.5)
*2/*2	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0.61
ADH1B genotype,
*1/*1	348 (27.6)	99 (27.9)
*1/*2	407 (32.3)	132 (37.2)
*2/*2	504 (40.0)	124 (34.9)	0.15

ADH1B: Alcohol dehydrogenase-1B; ALDH2: Aldehyde dehydrogenase-2; EVs: Esophageal varices; P values are according to the results of Student’s t-test for age; the Mann-Whitney U-test for alcohol consumption; and Fisher's exact test for the other variables.