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©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Gastroenterol. Sep 14, 2017; 23(34): 6321-6329
Published online Sep 14, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i34.6321
Published online Sep 14, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i34.6321
Table 2 Comparison of clinical characteristics between 131 covert hepatic encephalopathy patients with and without overt hepatic encephalopathy development, between those with and without development of the first cirrhosis-related complications requiring hospitalization, between those with and without resolution of covert hepatic encephalopathy, and between survivors and non-survivors during follow-up
Development of OHE | Complication(s) | Death | Resolution of CHE | |||||||||
Yes, n = 23 | No, n = 108 | P value | Yes, n = 37 | No, n = 94 | P value | Yes, n = 15 | No, n = 116 | P value | Yes, n = 26 | No, n = 105 | P value | |
Male sex | 19 (82.6) | 80 (74.1) | 0.39 | 33 (89.2) | 66 (70.2) | 0.02 | 14 (93.3) | 85 (73.3) | 0.09 | 14 (53.8) | 85 (81) | 0.004 |
Age in yr | 46.4 ± 7.9 | 47.3 ± 8.7 | 0.56 | 47.3 ± 8.3 | 47.2 ± 8.7 | 0.90 | 44.7 ± 7.8 | 47.4 ± 8.6 | 0.13 | 47.8 ± 8.2 | 49.0 ± 7.8 | 0.48 |
HBV-associated | 17 (73.9) | 77 (71.3) | 0.80 | 27 (73.0) | 67 (71.3) | 0.85 | 9 (60) | 85 (73.3) | 0.28 | 17 (65.4) | 77 (73.3) | 0.42 |
Creatinine | 80.5 ± 42.7 | 68.6 ± 16.8 | 0.001 | 76.5 ± 33.2 | 68.0 ± 16.1 | 0.001 | 95.3 ± 46.4 | 67.9 ± 16.6 | < 0.001 | 72.6 ± 23.7 | 71.0 ± 29.1 | 0.80 |
Albumin in g/L | 27.2 ± 8.1 | 31.3 ± 7.8 | 0.003 | 29.9 ± 7.9 | 31.1 ± 8.0 | 0.23 | 29.0 ± 8.4 | 31.0 ± 7.9 | 0.21 | 27.8 ± 5.3 | 25.8 ± 6.2 | 0.13 |
Total bilirubin in μmol/L | 23.3 ± 16.7 | 16.5 ± 10.2 | < 0.001 | 22.5 ± 16.3 | 15.7 ± 8.9 | < 0.001 | 29.5 ± 24.0 | 16.3 ± 9.0 | < 0.001 | 15.8 ± 10.5 | 17.2 ± 8.8 | 0.47 |
Platelets, 109/L | 62.0 ± 37.2 | 105.7 ± 102.4 | 0.009 | 81.8 ± 105.8 | 106.6 ± 95.9 | 0.046 | 81.3 ± 59.2 | 102.7 ± 100.8 | 0.29 | 131.1 ± 109.2 | 90.35 ± 92.1 | 0.05 |
INR | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | < 0.001 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | < 0.001 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | < 0.001 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.49 |
Ascites, none/mild/severe | 2/14/2007 | 12/28/68 | 0.03 | 8/21/2008 | 11/22/61 | 0.35 | 1/14/2000 | 19/29/68 | 0.03 | 9/13/2004 | 15/21/69 | 0.25 |
History of OHE | 13 (56.5) | 41 (38.0) | 0.10 | 17 (45.9) | 37 (39.4) | 0.49 | 12 (80) | 42 (36.2) | 0.001 | 3 (11.5) | 51 (48.6) | 0.001 |
CPC, A/B/C | 3/18/2 | 37/56/15 | 0.06 | 6/23/8 | 34/51/9 | 0.04 | 7/8/2000 | 40/67/9 | < 0.001 | 3/2/2021 | 19/71/15 | < 0.001 |
MELD score | 19.6 ± 4.7 | 14.9 ± 4.1 | < 0.001 | 19.2 ± 4.2 | 14.3 ± 3.8 | < 0.001 | 23.3 ± 5.0 | 14.8 ± 3.7 | < 0.001 | 13.7 ± 4.0 | 17.7 ± 6.2 | 0.002 |
Complications | 23 (100) | 14 (13.0) | < 0.001 | 37 (100) | 0 | < 0.001 | 10 (66.7) | 27 (23.3) | < 0.001 | 0 | 37 (35.2) | < 0.001 |
OHE | 23 (100) | 0 | < 0.001 | 23 (62.2) | 0 | < 0.001 | 7 (46.7) | 16 (13.8) | 0.002 | 0 | 23 (21.9) | < 0.001 |
Mortality | 7 (30.4) | 8 (7.4) | 0.002 | 10 (27.0) | 5 (5.3) | < 0.001 | 15 (100) | 0 | < 0.001 | 0 | 15 (14.3) | < 0.001 |
- Citation: Wang AJ, Peng AP, Li BM, Gan N, Pei L, Zheng XL, Hong JB, Xiao HY, Zhong JW, Zhu X. Natural history of covert hepatic encephalopathy: An observational study of 366 cirrhotic patients. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23(34): 6321-6329
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v23/i34/6321.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v23.i34.6321