Changes of Ghrelin/GOAT axis and mTOR pathway in the hypothalamus after sleeve gastrectomy in obese type-2 diabetes rats

Table 3 Oral glucose tolerance test of blood insulin

Time points (min)	Blood insulin (mU/L)
	First day			Preoperative			Postoperative
	S0	Sh	SG	S0	Sh	SG	S0	Sh	SG
0	13.06 ± 2.21	13.03 ± 2.01	12.97 ± 2.63	24.79 ± 3.06a	26.48 ± 2.19a	24.37 ± 2.51a	23.33 ± 1.81	27.58 ± 2.24	15.21 ± 2.87ce
15	19.16 ± 1.57	19.04 ± 1.83	20.63 ± 1.17	28.66 ± 3.20a	29.38 ± 3.33a	28.72 ± 2.39a	29.78 ± 2.86	32.95 ± 2.65	25.71 ± 7.73ce
30	40.90 ± 3.15	42.65 ± 9.89	41.64 ± 12.51	35.47 ± 3.36a	36.27 ± 3.21a	35.33 ± 4.68a	36.49 ± 3.25	36.78 ± 2.05	47.93 ± 3.31ce
60	63.46 ± 5.30	62.43 ± 6.01	65.38 ± 3.45	54.76 ± 2.85a	59.37 ± 2.12	59.81 ± 4.63a	57.36 ± 3.51	58.08 ± 2.77	69.05 ± 1.74ce
90	22.55 ± 1.80	21.81 ± 2.65	21.68 ± 3.23	80.35 ± 2.42a	82.68 ± 2.02a	80.68 ± 4.13a	79.79 ± 5.66	82.14 ± 3.46	30.55 ± 7.66ce
120	14.30 ± 1.82	13.25 ± 1.67	13.14 ± 2.02	66.15 ± 4.38a	70.11 ± 8.05a	71.52 ± 4.20a	71.26 ± 7.88	71.76 ± 6.63	18.23 ± 4.95ce

Statistical differences among the three groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by LSD-t and between two time points in one group using a paired t test.

^aP < 0.05, preoperative vs first day levels in the same group at the same time point;

^cP < 0.05, postoperative vs preoperative levels in the SG group;

^eP < 0.05, SG vs S0 and Sh postoperatively. LSD: Least significant difference; Sh: Sham operation group; SG: Sleeve gastrectomy.