Prognostic factors associated with mortality in patients with gastric fundal variceal bleeding

Table 1 Baseline demographics and characteristics of patients with gastric fundal variceal bleeding

Parameters	n (%)
Sex ratio (F/M)	13/29
Mean age (yr)	64.9 ± 11.6
Mean follow-up period (d)	631 ± 109.6
History
Smoking (presence/absence)	21/21 (50)
Alcohol (presence/absence)	20/22 (47.6)
Disease conditions
Child-Pugh classification (A/B/C)	4/20/18
Hepatocellular carcinoma (presence/absence)	14/28 (33.3)
Hepatic encephalopathy (presence/absence)	6/36 (14.3)
Form of gastric fundal varices (F1-F2/F3)	4/38
Concurrent esophageal varices (presence/absence)	30/12 (71.4)
Previous treatment of gastric varices (presence/absence)	1/41 (2.4)
Etiology of liver cirrhosis
Hepatitis B	5 (11.9)
Hepatitis C	18 (42.9)
Alcoholic	12 (28.6)
Others	7 (16.6)
Treatment of gastric fundal varices
Success of initial treatment (total success/total failure)	39/3 (92.9)
Endoscopic treatment (EIS) (success/failure)	30/1 (96.7)
Nonendoscopic treatment (success/failure)	8/1 (11.1)
Not applicable	1/1 (50)
Antibiotics (presence/absence)	23/19 (54.8)
Blood transfusion (presence/absence)	38/4 (90.5)
Rebleeding after initial treatment (presence/absence)	10/32 (23.8)
Medications administered before admission
NSAIDs (presence/absence)	5/37 (11.9)
Anticoagulants (presence/absence)	1/41 (2.4)
Proton pump inhibitors (presence/absence)	14/28 (33.3)
Blood test results
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	8.7 ± 1.8
Albumin (g/dL)	2.54 ± 0.44
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	1.98 ± 1.44

Results are presented as mean ± SEM, if applicable. EIS: Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy; NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.