Laparoscopic ultrasonography as an alternative to intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Table 4 Reports of laparoscopic ultrasound used during acute or chronic cholecystitis

Author	Year	No. of patients	Inflammatory disease %	Comments
Biffl	2001	248	37.5
Catheline	2002	900	28.2
Onders	2005	105	6.3
Machi	2007	200	28.5
Perry	2007	236	5.5	LUS considered extremely valuable in 5.5%
Hakamada	2008	299	66.3	13.4% with severe inflammatory disease during 2nd period of study
Machi	2009	1352	20.9	LUS considered extremely valuable in 5.9%
Pfluke	2011	50	66.0
Gwinn	2013	44	100.0

LUS: Laparoscopic ultrasound.