Clinical significance of glycemic parameters on venous thromboembolism risk prediction in gastrointestinal cancer

Table 4 Cox proportional hazards survival regression analysis of the predictive value of clinical-pathological variables and glycemic indexes on venous thromboembolism-free survival of gastrointestinal cancer patients n (%)

Variable	n	VTE		HR (CI)	P value
		Yes	No
Sex
Male	197	17 (9)	180 (91)
Female	145	17 (12)	128 (88)	0.48 (0.24-0.97)	0.040
Age
≤ 65 yr	157	9 (6)	148 (94)
> 65 yr	185	25 (14)	160 (86)	2.15 (0.96-4.79)	0.062
Diabetes
No	240	20 (8)	220 (92)
IGT	23	2 (9)	21 (91)
T2D	79	12 (15)	67 (85)	0.94 (0.62-1.41)	0.748
Tumor site
Colorectal	237	25 (11)	212 (89)
Stomach	38	3 (8)	35 (92)
Esophagus	15	2 (13)	13 (87)
Pancreas	36	3 (8)	33 (92)
Biliary tract	16	1 (6)	15 (94)	0.78 (0.53-1.14)	0.201
Khorana class of risk
Low	199	19 (10)	180 (90)
Intermediate	118	13 (11)	105 (89)
High	25	2 (8)	23 (92)	1.20 (0.64-2.26)	0.562
Stage of disease
Primary	142	9 (6)	133 (94)
Metastatic	200	25 (12)	175 (88)	1.81 (0.75-4.33)	0.186
ECOG-PS
0	274	24 (9)	250 (91)
1	60	7 (12)	53 (88)
2	8	3 (37)	5 (62)	2.47 (1.22-4.99)	0.012
Homa index
≤ 2.6%	155	7 (5)	148 (95)
> 2.6%	187	27 (14)	160 (86)	4.13 (1.63-10.5)	0.003
Bevacizumab
No	270	22 (8)	248 (92)
Yes	72	12 (17)	60 (83)	1.77 (0.74-4.25)	0.199

ECOG-PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; T2D: Type 2 diabetes; IGT: Impaired glucose tolerance; VTE: Venous thromboembolism.