Treatment with dimethyl fumarate ameliorates liver ischemia/reperfusion injury

Figure 4 Inflammatory mediator production in rat serum. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) significantly reduced the production of inflammatory mediators in the serum relative to the CTL group. Significant reductions of CD86, CINC-2α, CINC-3, CNTF, Fas ligand, IL-6, IL-10, MIP-3α, PDGF-AA, TIMP-1, TNF-α and VEGF were observed in the DMF-treated group. Data represent the mean ± SD (^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^eP < 0.001). DMF: Dimethyl fumarate; CTL: Control; IL: Interleukin; CD86: Cluster of differentiation 86; CINC-2α: Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-2α; CNTF: Ciliary neurotrophic factor; MIP-3α: Macrophage inflammatory protein-3α; PDGF-AA: Platelet-derived growth factor-AA; TIMP-1: Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor α; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor.