Drug-induced liver injury in inflammatory bowel disease: 1-year prospective observational study

Table 3 Prevalence of liver injury events according to the inflammatory bowel disease treatment groups

Liver injury event	IBD treatment
	Solo azathioprine		Solo adalimumab		Solo infliximab
	All measurements	Abnormal	All measurements	Abnormal	All measurements	Abnormal
	n	n (%)	n	n (%)	n	n (%)
ALT increase Grade 1 (0-3 × ULN)	154	16 (10.4)	135	25 (18.5)a	163	26 (16)
ALT > 2 × ULN (hepatocellular injury)		3 (1.9)		2 (1.5)		15 (9.2)a
ALT increase Grade 2 (> 3 × ULN)		2 (1.3)		0 (0)		4 (2.5)a
AST increase Grade 1 (0-3 × ULN)	154	6 (3.9)	135	7 (5.2)	162	20 (12.3)a
AST increase Grade 2 (> 3 × ULN)		0 (0)		1 (0.1)		2 (1.2)
ALP increase Grade 1 (0-2.5 × ULN)	148	6 (4.1)	132	2 (1.5)	163	11 (6.7)
ALP increase Grade 2 (> 2.5 × ULN)		0 (0)		0 (0)		0 (0)
Cholestasis (parallel ALP and GGT > ULN)	146	5 (3.4)a	132	1 (0.1)	162	2 (1.2)
	Azathioprine + infliximab		Azathioprine + adalimumab		No immunosupression
	All measurements	Abnormal	All measurements	Abnormal	All measurements	Abnormal
ALT increase Grade 1 (0-3 × ULN)	199	15 (7.5)	59	8 (13.6)	207	22 (10.6)
ALT > 2 × ULN (hepatocellular injury)		2 (1)		1 (1.7)		3 (1.4)
ALT increase Grade 2 (> 3 × ULN)		0 (0)		0 (0)		0 (0)
AST increase Grade 1 (0-3 × ULN)	200	11 (5.5)	59	2 (3.4)	207	9 (4.3)
AST increase Grade 2 (> 3 × ULN)		1 (0.5)		2 (3.4)		2 (0.1)
ALP increase Grade 1 (0-2.5 × ULN)	195	0 (0)	58	3 (5.2)	201	12 (6)
ALP increase Grade 2 (> 2.5 × ULN)		0 (0)		0 (0)		0 (0)
Cholestasis (parallel ALP and GGT > ULN)	195	0 (0)	58	1 (1.7)	201	2 (1)

^aP < 0.05 for comparison with the prevalence of the liver injury event among all measurements (Table 2).