Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: Magnetic resonance imaging features according to grade and stage

Figure 3 Non-hyperfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm of the pancreatic head classified as G3, stage 3b tumor at histology (Ki67 60%, T4, N1, M0) in a 76 years-old woman. A: Axial T2-weighted half-Fourier single-shot turbo spin echo (HASTE) image (TR/TE, ∞/90) shows a large, slightly hyperintense tumor in the pancreatic head (arrow); B: On coronal fat-saturated T1-weighted volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) gradient echo image (TR/TE 3.5/1.3 ms) acquired during the delayed phase of the dynamic study the tumor shows heterogeneous contrast enhancement (arrow); C: At quantitative analysis of ADC map the tumor shows low mean ADC value; D: The surgical specimen (pancreaticoduodenectomy, sagittal cut) shows a large lesion of the pancreatic head with heterogeneous aspect.