Evolving strategies for liver fibrosis staging: Non-invasive assessment

Table 1 Prediction of any grade of oesophageal varices by some non-invasive methods

Method	Aetiology	Cut-off value	PPV	NPV
Liver stiffness (kPa)	HCV	≥ 21.5	68	84
Castéra et al[40], 2009
Liver stiffness (kPa)	HCV	> 18.2	89	49
Hassan et al[41], 2014
FIB-4	HCV	> 2.8	92.7	50
Hassan et al[41], 2014
Forns index	HCV	> 6.61	88.4	45.5
Hassan et al[41], 2014
Lok score	HCV	> 0.63	78	42.9
Hassan et al[41], 2014
Lok index	CLD	0.9	80	64
Sebastiani et al[42], 2010
Forns index	CLD	8.5	81	57
Sebastiani et al[42], 2010
Minimum slice thickness by CT (mm)	CLD	0.625-1.2	77.5	70.6
Karatzas et al[39], 2016
Platelet count/spleen diameter ratio	CLD	909	76.6	87
Giannini et al[43], 2010

FIB-4: Fibrosis-4; CT: Computer tomography; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; CLD: Chronic liver diseases independent of aetiology; PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value.