Low-FODMAP diet reduces irritable bowel symptoms in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients

	Low-FODMAP diet, n = 44	Normal diet,n = 45	P value
Male/Female	12 (27)/32 (73)	10 (23)/35 (77)	0.64
Age, median (range)	40 (20-70)	41 (24-69)	0.55
Body mass index, median (range)	25 (18-39)	24 (18-52)	0.44
Smoking			0.01
Current	8 (18)	2 (4)
Former	19 (43)	12 (28)
Never	17 (39)	30 (68)
IBD diagnosis type			0.93
Ulcerative colitis (UC)	30 (68)	31 (69)
Crohn’s disease (CD)	14 (32)	14 (31)
UC extent			0.34
E1, proctitis	7 (23)	11 (36)
E2, left side	15 (50)	10 (32)
E3, extensive	8 (27)	10 (32)
CD location			0.51
L1, small bowel	4 (29)	3 (21)
L2, colonic	4 (29)	7 (50)
L3, ilea-colonic	6 (42)	4 (29)
CD behavior			0.13
B1, inflammatory	6 (43)	11 (79)
B2, stricturing	6 (43)	2 (14)
B3, penetrating	2 (14)	1 (7)
IBD duration, median (range)	7 (1-40)	5 (1-39)	0.41
IBD disease activity (yes)	6 (14%)	7 (16%)	0.52
UC disease activity (SCCAI)	3 (1-4)	2 (1-4)	0.75
CD disease activity (HBI)	7 (3-8)	5 (4-11)	0.61
IBS severity (IBS-SSS)	210 (190-270)	245 (180-320)	0.40
IBS-quality of life	73 (19-99)	77 (30-98)	0.25
Short-IBD-quality of life (SIBDQ)	47 (42-55)	50 (40-57)	0.88
C-reactive protein (mg/L), median (range)	2 (2-35)	2 (2-52)	0.32
Faecal calprotectin (μg/L), median (range)	50 (2-1259)	39 (2-1600)	0.28
FODMAPs (g/d), median (range)	24 (9-81)	26 (4-58)	0.53
Surgery prior study	11 (25)	2 (4)	0.01
Medication: Yes/No	34/10	38/7	0.41
5-ASA/Sulphasalazine	23 (52)	25 (55)
Azathioprine (AZA)/Methotrexate	4 (9)	7 (15)/1 (2)
Biologicals ± AZA	5 (11)	4 (9)

Data are expressed as n (%), median (IQR: Interquartile range). IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; IBS: Irritable bowel disease; SSS: Symptom severity scale; SCCAI: Simple clinical colitis index; HBI: Harvey Bradshaw index.