Benefit of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

Table 3 Efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy n (%)

	Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (n = 12)	Non-neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (n = 45)	P value1
Alteration of TNM stage before and after surgery			0.01
Upstaging	0 (0)	11 (24.4)
No change	1 (8.3)	11 (24.4)
Downstaging	11 (91.7)	23 (51.1)
R0 resection	10 (83.3)	30 (66.7)	0.32
Surgical pathology
Microvascular invasion	6 (50.0)	29 (64.4)	0.51
Perineural invasion	7 (58.3)	44 (97.8)	< 0.01
Lymph node metastasis	3 (25.0)	25 (55.6)	0.06
Perioperative complications	2 (16.7)	11 (24.4)	0.71

¹P values were determined using a Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables and a χ² test (Fisher’s exact test, Pearson and Mantel-Haenszel χ² test) for categorical variables.