Recent upper gastrointestinal panendoscopy increases the risk of pyogenic liver abscess

Table 3 Risk of pyogenic liver abscess related to comorbidities and examination n (%)

		aOR	95%CI	P value
Diabetes	With vs without	4.92	1.78-13.61	0.002
ESRD	With vs without	3.98	1.45-10.91	0.007
BTI	With vs without	2.68	2.11-3.40	< 0.001
Liver cirrhosis	With vs without	2.19	1.39-3.46	< 0.001
GI malignancy	With vs without	5.68	4.23-7.64	< 0.001
Appendicitis	With vs without	3.16	2.27-4.41	< 0.001
Diverticulitis	With vs without	1.64	1.01-2.64	0.044
Frequency of OPD visits	1-2 vs < 1	2.65	2.10-3.34	< 0.001
	3-7 vs < 1	4.75	3.86-5.85	< 0.001
	8+ vs < 1	6.72	5.43-8.32	< 0.001
Frequency of Ultrasound	≥ 2 vs 0	3.26	2.69-3.95	< 0.001
	1 vs 0	5.69	3.35-9.66	< 0.001
ERCP-related procedures	With vs without	27.04	11.65-62.72	< 0.001
UGI panendoscopy	With vs without	2.75	2.05-3.69	< 0.001
LGI Endoscopy	With vs without	1.07	0.62-1.86	0.803

aOR: Adjusted odds ratio; ESRD: End-stage renal disease; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; BTI: Biliary tract infection; GI: Gastrointestinal tract; UGI: Upper gastrointestinal tract; LGI: Lower gastrointestinal tract.