Recent upper gastrointestinal panendoscopy increases the risk of pyogenic liver abscess

Table 1 Demographic features and comorbidities of pyogenic liver abscess cases and controls n (%)

Demographic and clinical characteristics	Cases(n = 2135)	Controls(n = 10675)	Total(n = 12810)	P value
Age, yr
< 20	31 (1.5)	164 (1.5)	195	0.991
20-44	391 (18.3)	1952 (18.3)	2343
45-64	883 (41.4)	4423 (41.4)	5306
65-74	454 (21.3)	2229 (20.9)	2683
75+	376 (17.6)	1907 (17.9)	2283
mean ± SD	58.8 ± 16.5	58.8 ± 16.5	58.8 ± 16.5	0.991
Gender
Female	854 (40.0)	4270 (40.0)	5124	1.000
Male	1281 (60.0)	6405 (60.0)	7686
Diabetes
With	206 (9.7)	253 (2.4)	459	< 0.001
Without	1929 (90.4)	10422 (97.6)	12351
ESRD
With	46 (2.2)	73 (0.7)	119	< 0.001
Without	2089 (97.9)	10602 (99.3)	12691
BTI
With	249 (11.7)	99 (0.9)	348	< 0.001
Without	1886 (88.3)	10576 (99.1)	12462
Liver cirrhosis
With	146 (6.8)	97 (0.9)	243	< 0.001
Without	1989 (93.2)	10578 (99.1)	12567
GI malignancy
With	62 (2.9)	80 (0.8)	142	< 0.001
Without	2073 (97.1)	10595 (99.3)	12668
Appendicitis
With	10 (0.47)	9 (0.08)	19	< 0.001
Without	2125 (99.53)	10666 (99.92)	12791
Diverticulitis
With	12 (0.56)	11 (0.1)	23	< 0.001
Without	2123 (99.44)	10664 (99.9)

ESRD: End-stage renal disease; BTI: Biliary tract infection; GI: Gastrointestinal.