Clinical characteristics of peptic ulcer perforation in Korea

Table 4 Comparison of clinical characteristics of perforated peptic ulcer categorized by the Helicobacter pylori-infected, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs user, and non-Helicobacter pylori, non-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs group n (%)

Variables	Both H. pylori positive and NSAIDs user group (n = 5)	H. pylori positive group (n = 73)	NSAIDs user group (n = 16)	Non-H. pylori, Non-NSAIDs group (n = 80)	P value
Sex (men)	4 (80.0)	67 (91.8)	9 (56.2)	71 (88.8)	0.005
Age	57.6 ± 16.0	40.3 ± 15.2	69.5 ± 12.2	49.1 ± 14.6	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m2)	24.7 ± 4.1	21.6 ± 3.0	21.2 ± 4.3	22.2 ± 2.8	0.090
Alcohol consumption	3 (60.0)	33 (45.2)	4 (25.0)	47 (58.8)	0.060
Current smoking	3 (60.0)	36 (49.3)	6 (37.5)	52 (65.0)	0.090
Previous ulcer history	0 (0.0)	9 (12.3)	4 (25.0)	17 (21.2)	0.290
Comorbidity	2 (40.0)	11 (15.1)	12 (75.0)	19 (23.8)	< 0.001
Anatomical findings
Location					0.710
Gastric ulcer	1 (20.0)	29 (39.7)	8 (50.0)	34 (42.5)
Duodenal ulcer	4 (80.0)	44 (60.3)	8 (50.0)	46 (57.5)
Size					0.002
≥ 1 cm	3 (60.0)	15 (23.8)	8 (66.7)	33 (48.5)
< 1 cm	2 (40.0)	48 (76.2)	4 (33.3)	35 (51.5)
Clinical course
Hospital stay	10.6 ± 4.2	10.3 ± 4.5	12.8 ± 4.8	13.2 ± 9.9	0.120
Complication	0 (0.0)	1 (1.4)	1 (6.2)	6 (7.5)	0.240
In hospital mortality	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)

PPU: Perforated peptic ulcer; BMI: Body mass index; NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.