Proposed criteria to differentiate heterogeneous eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders of the esophagus, including eosinophilic esophageal myositis

Figure 1 The schema of the present study. Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) was diagnosed by conventional endoscopy in 5 patients, and a subtype of eosinophilic esophagitis (subepithelial eosinophilic esophagitis: sEoE) in 1 patient. Patients with no eosinophilia by conventional biopsy and with a nutcracker esophagus (NE) or jackhammer esophagus (JE) identified on high-resolution manometry received peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). These patients also showed elevated serum immunoglobulin E (s-IgE) levels. Four patients were diagnosed with eosinophilic esophageal myositis (EoEM) by peroral esophageal muscle biopsy (POEM-b), with cap-fitted endoscopic mucosal resection used in two of these four patients to facilitate POEM/POEM-b entry.