Cullin 4A is associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition and poor prognosis in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

Figure 3 Cullin 4A promotes the migration and invasion of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. QBC939-shCUL4A and FRH0201-CUL4A cells or control cells were subjected to wound healing (A and C), Transwell migration (B and D, top), and Matrigel invasion (B and D, bottom) assays. A: Quantification was performed by measuring the uncovered areas compared with the controls; B: Quantification of migrated cells through the membrane and invaded cells through the Matrigel of each cell line is shown as proportions to their controls; C: Quantification was carried out by measuring the uncovered areas compared with the controls; D: Quantification of migrated cells through the membrane and invaded cells through Matrigel for each cell line is shown as proportions to their controls. ^bP < 0.01 based on the Student’s t-test. All results are from at least three independent experiments. Data are represented as mean ± SD. CUL4A: Cullin 4A.