Effect of a poloxamer 407-based thermosensitive gel on minimization of thermal injury to diaphragm during microwave ablation of the liver

Figure 4 Ultrasonographic view. A: Ultrasonographic view of the placement of the ablation needle (white arrow) with the poloxamer 407 (P407) gel (red arrow) positioned between the diaphragm (blue arrow) and liver; B: Image captured to assess the change in the size of P407 barrier at 3 min during microwave ablation. No apparent thinning was observed (red arrow); C: Ultrasound image showing a saline barrier (red arrow) of 5 mm thickness between the diaphragm (blue arrow) and liver and the placement of ablation needle (white arrow); D: Ultrasound image showing a hydrodissection barrier of about 1.3 mm thickness (red arrow) at the end of the ablation procedure.