Effect of a poloxamer 407-based thermosensitive gel on minimization of thermal injury to diaphragm during microwave ablation of the liver

Table 1 Comparison of thermal injury to the diaphragm among the three groups (n = 8)

Diaphragmatic injury	Gel group,	Saline group,	Control group,	P value
	n = 8	n = 8	n = 8
Injury rate	0	5%	8%
Size in cm	0	0.9 ± 0.7a	1.7 ± 0.3bc	0.0011
Grade, score	0	0.6 ± 1.1d	1.8 ± 0.7ef	0.0011

¹Statistically significant difference, Mann-Whitney test. The maximum diameter of thermal injury to the diaphragmatic surface is reported.

^aP = 0.011 vs gel group;

^bP = 0.001 vs gel group;

^cP = 0.005 vs saline group;

^dP = 0.010 vs gel group;

^eP = 0.001 vs gel group;

^fP = 0.040 vs saline group.