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©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Gastroenterol. Mar 14, 2017; 23(10): 1747-1757
Published online Mar 14, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i10.1747
Published online Mar 14, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i10.1747
Table 1 Studies exploring the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and bone mineral density
Ref. | Study population and sample size | Race/ethnicity | NAFLD assessment | Skeleton: segments | Main findings: BMD |
Xia et al[11], 2016 | Elderly men (n = 755) and postmenopausal women (n = 904) divided into quartiles of liver fat content (LFC) | Chinese | Liver quantitative US | Lumbar spine, hip, whole body | BMD in any skeletal segment was lower in the highest LFC quartile compared to the lowest quartile. LFC inversely correlated with BMD (all skeletal segments) |
Cui et al[12], 2013 | Men with NAFLD (n = 46) vs male controls (n = 53); postmenopausal women with NAFLD (n = 73) vs female controls (n = 52) | Chinese | Liver US | Lumbar spine, right hip, femoral neck | Lower BMD at the right hip in participants with NAFLD than controls (in both genders); lower BMD at the femoral neck in men with NAFLD vs controls. Negative association between NAFLD and BMD |
Lee et al[13], 2016 | Men with NAFLD (n = 1288) vs male controls (n = 2018); postmenopausal women with NAFLD (n = 1217) vs female controls (n = 2112) | Korean | Liver US | Lumbar spine and femoral neck | Negative association between femoral neck BMD and NAFLD in men; positive correlation between lumbar spine BMD and NAFLD in postmenopausal women |
Moon et al[14], 2012 | Premenopausal women with NAFLD (n = 162) vs controls (n = 54), and postmenopausal with NAFLD (n = 102) vs controls (n = 163) | Korean | Liver US | Lumbar spine | Higher BMD in the control group than postmenopausal women NAFLD; NAFLD negatively associated with BMD in postmenopausal women, but not premenopausal women |
Purnak et al[15], 2012 | Men (n = 52) and women (n = 50) with NAFLD vs healthy men (n = 28) and women (n = 26) | Caucasian | Liver US | Femur (neck, trochanter, intertrochanteric region and total femur) and lumbar spine | Lower lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD Z-scores in women with high ALT levels |
Bhatt et al[16], 2013 | Men (n = 129) and women (n = 33) with NAFLD vs controls (men, n = 109; women, n = 64) | Indian | Liver US | Trunk, pelvis, spine, whole body | Higher BMD values in NAFLD subjects than controls |
Yang et al[17], 2016 | Men with NAFLD (n = 249) vs male controls (n = 610) | Korean | Liver US | Right Hip | NAFLD negatively associated with right-hip BMD |
Pacifico et al[18], 2013 | Obese children with NAFLD (boys, n = 24, and girls, n = 20) vs obese controls (boys, n = 24, and girls, n = 20) | Caucasian | MRI + liver biopsy | Lumbar spine and whole body | Lower lumbar BMD Z-score in NAFLD children than controls. Negative association of lumbar BMD and whole-body BMD Z-scores with NASH |
Pardee et al[19], 2012 | Obese children( 10-17 yr) with (n = 38) or without (n = 38) NAFLD | Mixed (89.5% Hipanic, 10.5% non-Hispanic, White) | Liver biopsy | Whole body | Lower whole body BMD Z-score in children with NAFLD than children without NAFLD. Lower whole body BMD Z-score in children with NASH than children without NASH |
Chang et al[20], 2015 | Obese children and adolescents with NAFLD (n = 15) vs obese children and adolescents with NASH (n = 47) vs controls (n = 32) | Korean | Liver US (NAFLD); liver US + elevated serum aminotransferase levels (NASH) | Arm, leg, trunk, whole body | Age-matched BMD Z-scores were not different between groups |
Pirgon et al[21], 2011 | Obese children with NAFLD (boys, n = 19, and girls, n = 23) vs obese children (boys, n = 18, and girls, n = 22) and lean children (boys, n = 15, and girls, n = 15) | Caucasian (Turkish) | Liver US | Lumbar spine | Lower lumbar BMD-SDS in obese adolescents with NAFLD compared with obese and lean adolescents without NAFLD |
Campos et al[22], 2012 | Obese adolescents with NAFLD (n = 18) vs obese adolescents without NAFLD (n = 22) | Brazilian | Liver US | Whole body | Obese adolescents with NAFLD had a significantly lower values of BMC than their counterparts without NAFLD. No differences in BMD Z-scores |
- Citation: Poggiogalle E, Donini LM, Lenzi A, Chiesa C, Pacifico L. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease connections with fat-free tissues: A focus on bone and skeletal muscle. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23(10): 1747-1757
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v23/i10/1747.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v23.i10.1747