Helicobacter pylori infection is not associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Table 3 Multivariable analysis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease according to hepatic steatosis index and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-liver fat score scores

	HSI1			NAFLD-LFS2
	OR	95%CI	P value	OR	95%CI	P value
Age	0.993	0.986-1.000	0.038	1.018	1.010-1.025	< 0.001
Smoking	1.300	1.119-1.511	0.001	1.342	1.148-1.568	< 0.001
Presence of H. pylori	1.129	0.972-1.311	0.113	1.007	0.862-1.176	0.935
C-reactive protein	1.414	1.166-1.714	< 0.001	1.546	1.254-1.906	< 0.001

Factors included in the HSI or NAFLD-LFS formula, such as sex, body mass index, diabetes, insulin, or metabolic syndrome components, were excluded from the analysis.

¹HSI = 8 × ALT/AST + body mass index (if diabetes mellitus, +2; if female, +2); ²NAFLD-LFS = -2.89 + 1.18 × metabolic syndrome (yes = 1, no = 0) + 0.45 × type 2 diabetes (yes = 2, no = 0) + 0.15 × insulin (mU/L) + 0.04 × AST (U/L) - 0.94 × AST/ALT. NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; HSI: Hepatic steatosis index; NAFLD-LFS: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease liver fat score.