Healthcare and economic impact of diarrhea in patients with carcinoid syndrome

Table 3 Multivariate analyses of annual overall and carcinoid syndrome-related hospitalization and total costs

	Any hospitalization		Any CS-related hospitalization1		Total costs
	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value	mean (SE)	P value
Age group, yr
≤ 17 vs 55-64	0.84 (0.35-2.02)	0.702	2.38 (0.78-7.22)	0.127	$-8004 (13971.7)	0.567
18-24 vs 55-64	1.33 (0.69-2.57)	0.389	0.81 (0.24-2.70)	0.726	$-8328 (10946.6)	0.447
25-34 vs 55-64	0.93 (0.65-1.33)	0.687	0.52 (0.25-1.10)	0.087	$-10875 (5867.4)	0.064
35-44 vs 55-64	0.97 (0.76-1.23)	0.785	0.80 (0.52-1.24)	0.314	$-5474 (3993.0)	0.171
45-54 vs 55-64	0.93 (0.78-1.11)	0.412	0.85 (0.63-1.16)	0.307	$-2433 (2855.8)	0.394
Sex
Female vs Male	0.88 (0.75-1.02)	0.093	0.89 (0.68-1.17)	0.401	$-7165 (2539.7)	0.005
Region
North Central vs West	1.01 (0.79-1.28)	0.951	0.88 (0.58-1.35)	0.562	$-6623 (3954.7)	0.094
Northeast vs West	0.91 (0.69-1.19)	0.477	1.18 (0.76-1.85)	0.458	$-7458 (4393.6)	0.090
South vs West	1.02 (0.82-1.27)	0.842	0.88 (0.60-1.29)	0.521	$-11343 (3601.1)	0.002
No. of chronic conditions	1.03 (0.99-1.08)	0.107	0.98 (0.91-1.05)	0.521	$1115 (665.6)	0.094
Charlson comorbidity index	1.02 (1.00-1.04)	0.099	0.99 (0.95-1.03)	0.658	$5231 (354.5)	< 0.001
Non-infectious diarrhea
Yes vs No	1.48 (1.22-1.80)	< 0.001	2.12 (1.57-2.86)	< 0.001	$29890 (3204.5)	< 0.001

¹Claims with primary diagnosis of CS, CS-related syndrome, or carcinoid tumor progression. CS: Carcinoid syndrome.