Effectiveness and safety of continuous wound infiltration for postoperative pain management after open gastrectomy

Table 2 Early recovery, postoperative nausea and vomiting, patient’s satisfaction, and hospitalization length of the three groups (mean ± SD)

	Group PCIA	Group EA	Group CWI	P value
Extubation (min)	19.76 ± 5.75	15.48 ± 4.59b	16.56 ± 5.24a	0.014
Bowel recovery (d)	3.60 ± 1.04	2.80 ± 1.38a	2.96 ± 1.17a	0.048
PONV	1.96 ± 0.67	1.32 ± 0.56d	1.20 ± 0.41d	< 0.001
Satisfaction	2.88 ± 0.78	3.04 ± 0.84	3.24 ± 0.72	0.272
Hospitalization (d)	10.08 ± 3.15	7.96 ± 2.30b	8.20 ± 2.58a	0.013

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01,

^dP < 0.001 vs group patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA). PONV: Postoperative nausea and vomiting; EA: Epidural analgesia; CWI: Continuous wound infiltration.