Editorial
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastroenterol. Feb 7, 2016; 22(5): 1729-1735
Published online Feb 7, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i5.1729
Table 2 Elements of the suggested modular teaching program on clinical nutrition for hepatogastroenterology specialists
Knowledge of key issues in nutrition
GI physiology
Anatomy
Digestion
Absorption
Motility
GI endocrinology/hormones
Physiology and metabolism of body composition, energy homeostasis
In health
Satiety/needs, calculations, measurements, techniques
Concerning:
Fat
Carbohydrates
Protein
Energy
Micro elements/vitamins
Starvation: Differential diagnostics and clinical management
Obesity: see below
Interventions
Artificial nutrition
Tube feeding/Enteral/PEG tube insertion
Parenteral nutrition
Administration:
access techniques and complications
Complications and safety
Risk-benefit analysis
Enteral nutrition
Parenteral nutrition
Normal (per oral) feeding
Feeding and artificial orificia
Use of nutrition with stress metabolism
Pathophysiology of digestion
Diseases of digestion and absorption
Diseases of impaired nutrient delivery
Protein-losing enteropathies
Pathophysiology of metabolism
Stress metabolism
Metabolism in Critical Illness
Nitrogen wasting
Genetic Metabolic disorders (e.g., OTC)
Special Diets
Nutrition and psychology
Role of psychological issues
Specific clinical situations
Kidney and liver disease
Catabolism/malnutrition
Cancer
Inflammation
Use of PN
Indications
Designing a formula
Monitoring for complications
Techniques
Feeding tubes: nasogastric/nasojejunal
PEG/PEJ/PRG
PEG-J
Jejunostomy [surgically created (Witzel’s) fistula or needle jejunostomy]
Central venous access: (tunnelled) catheters
Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC)
Subcutaneous ports/arteriovenous fistulae (shunts)