Variable outcome in infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease in an Asian cohort

Table 3 Clinical characteristics, management and outcome of infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease in selected series

	Ref.	Patients in all age group), n (%)	Nature of patients, n (%)	Age of patients at onset of disease	Duration of follow-up (yr), median (range)	Medical therapies	Surgery, n (%)	Disease status: remission of survivors at final review, n (%)	Deaths
1	Ruemmele et al[8]	10 (2.5)	CD = 4 (40)	First 12 mo	2.5 (2.5-8)	Bowel rest, PN, CS, Aza, CsA	3 (30);	10 (100);	None
			UC = 2 (20)				2 colectomy, 1 ileostomy	off therapy, 2 (20);
			IC = 4 (40)					ongoing therapy, 8 (80)
2	Cannioto et al[9]	16 (8.6)	CD = 6 (37.5)	First 2 yr	6 (4-22)	Aggressive multi-drug therapy, Aza, IFX, thalidomide, CsA	3 (19);	11 (100);	5 (mortality rate 31%)1
			UC = 8 (50)				2 colectomy, 1 ileostomy	off therapy, 4 (25);
			Indeterminate = 2 (12.5)					ongoing therapy, 6 (38),
								after BMT, 1 (6)
3	Begue et al[15]	13 (-)	All had pancolitis, 6 had small bowel involvement2	First 12 mo	-	-	4 (31)	All required immuno-suppressive therapy. Final disease status not described	Not described
4	Present study, Malaysia, 2016	6 (13)	CD = 4 (67)	First 12 mo	5 (1.5-20)	Bowel rest, steroids, Aza, CsA, INF	3 (33);	4 (67);	None
			UC = 2 (33)				1 colectomy, 2 ileostomies	off therapy, 3 (50);
								ongoing therapy, 1 (17);
								not in remission, 2 (33)

The authors included IBD and IBD-mimicking enterocolitis;

¹Two deaths were related to infections; one death each for interstitial pneumonia, post-BMT, and giant cell hepatitis progressing to liver failure;

²The authors did not classify the patients into either Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) or indeterminate colitis (IC). Aza: Azathioprine; BMT: Bone marrow transplantation; CS: Corticosteroid; CsA: Cyclosporin; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; IFX: Infliximab; PN: Parenteral nutrition.