Prevalence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding risk factors among the general population and osteoarthritis patients

Table 3 Sensitivity analysis for prevalence of gastrointestinal bleeding risk factors in overall population (%)

	20-24	25-29	30-34	35-39	40-44	45-49	50-54	55-59	60-64	65-69	70-74	75-79	80-84	≥ 85 yr
Comorbid conditions
Peptic ulcer	3.84%	4.80%	4.92%	5.49%	7.61%	8.47%	10.87%	12.45%	14.20%	15.49%	17.50%	16.08%	13.72%	9.95%
Diabetes	0.31%	0.49%	0.96%	1.76%	3.27%	5.68%	8.78%	13.17%	18.18%	22.04%	25.48%	25.96%	23.55%	16.13%
Chronic liver disease	2.17%	2.99%	3.74%	4.40%	4.76%	5.99%	7.55%	8.68%	9.09%	9.03%	8.01%	6.91%	5.65%	3.96%
Chronic renal failure	0.03%	0.06%	0.09%	0.14%	0.23%	0.28%	0.39%	0.59%	0.88%	1.13%	1.66%	1.84%	1.96%	1.66%
Gastroesophageal reflux disease	6.02%	8.34%	8.88%	9.92%	13.22%	13.63%	17.18%	19.11%	22.11%	22.85%	23.93%	20.94%	17.29%	11.43%
Concomitant drugs1
Aspirin	0.04%	0.09%	0.18%	0.50%	1.26%	2.84%	5.97%	10.67%	16.17%	20.60%	25.24%	26.59%	26.35%	20.75%
Clopidogrel	0.01%	0.01%	0.04%	0.10%	0.28%	0.59%	1.17%	2.25%	3.83%	5.47%	7.58%	9.03%	10.00%	7.75%
Cilostazol	0.00%	0.00%	0.02%	0.04%	0.13%	0.25%	0.54%	0.96%	1.48%	2.15%	2.83%	3.39%	3.21%	2.45%
NSAIDs	2.34%	3.31%	4.56%	6.29%	7.35%	9.96%	14.69%	18.52%	23.02%	27.50%	31.07%	31.68%	30.34%	22.76%
Steroid	0.88%	1.07%	1.28%	1.62%	1.88%	2.21%	2.91%	3.50%	4.43%	5.54%	6.59%	6.72%	6.07%	4.58%
Anticoagulants2	0.01%	0.01%	0.03%	0.04%	0.07%	0.10%	0.16%	0.25%	0.34%	0.53%	0.73%	0.96%	0.73%	0.50%
SSRI	0.21%	0.22%	0.21%	0.27%	0.32%	0.38%	0.50%	0.55%	0.74%	1.13%	1.53%	1.89%	2.13%	1.70%
No. of risk factors
(without H. pylori prevalence imputation)
≥ 1	13.32%	17.55%	19.61%	23.22%	29.38%	34.49%	44.88%	53.68%	62.87%	68.98%	74.57%	74.65%	71.74%	58.61%
≥ 2	2.25%	3.29%	4.42%	5.97%	8.57%	11.89%	18.42%	24.98%	33.02%	39.09%	45.26%	45.36%	41.69%	29.63%
≥ 3	0.29%	0.48%	0.74%	1.18%	1.99%	3.20%	5.72%	8.93%	13.23%	17.29%	21.32%	21.25%	18.75%	11.07%
No. of risk factors
(after H. pylori prevalence imputation)
≥ 1	36.21%	39.37%	53.24%	55.64%	66.45%	68.97%	78.69%	82.11%	85.68%	88.13%	89.66%	89.52%	88.55%	83.72%
≥ 2	5.12%	7.08%	10.87%	13.30%	19.66%	23.81%	34.58%	42.48%	51.41%	57.73%	62.40%	62.59%	59.14%	46.84%
≥ 3	0.78%	1.21%	2.32%	3.24%	5.45%	7.75%	13.52%	18.90%	25.56%	30.79%	35.35%	35.09%	32.49%	21.95%

¹Subjects who were prescribed 60 d or more in 2013;

²Warfarin, rivaroxaban, dabigatran, and apixaban were included. NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; SSRI: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.