High-flow nasal oxygen availability for sedation decreases the use of general anesthesia during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound

Table 4 Anesthesia-only times between and within eras

Anesthesia time	Era 1	Era 2	Era 3	P value
ERCP/EUS combined	26.0, 37.5	23.5, 20.51	30.0, 28.0	0.006
ERCP	52.5, 48.2	31.0, 27.5	43.5, 32.0	0.080
EUS	20.0, 12.0	17.5, 10.22	23.0, 11.2	0.005
DS	21.0, 12.5	21.0, 13.0	24.0, 13.0	≤ 0.001
GA	68.0, 34.7	56.0, 13.0	59.0, 24.5	(time comparison within each era)

¹Anesthesia time was significantly shorter in era 2 compared to era 3 (P = 0.001);

²Anesthesia time for EUS was significantly shorter in era 2 compared to era 3 (P = 0.001). Values are given in medians and interquartile ranges. Anesthesia-only time was assessed in minutes from anesthesia start to finish after subtraction of the procedure time. ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; DS: Deep sedation; GA: General anesthesia.