Use of a saline-coupled bipolar sealer open liver resection for hepatic malignancy: Medical resource use and costs

Table 1 Definition of deviation mix for deviation-based cost modeling

Deviation	LOS	Complication group1
On course	≤ 50th percentile	No complication
Minor deviation	> 50th percentile	No complication
	≤ 50th	Minor complication, no moderate or major
Moderate deviation	> 50th percentile	Minor complication, no moderate or major
	Any LOS	Moderate no major
Major deviation	Any LOS	Major

¹Minor complication: Transfusion, urinary tract infection, hemorrhage/hematoma, wound disruption, or transfusion complications; Moderate complication: Deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, infection, or bile leak; Major Complication: Acute respiratory failure, acute kidney injury, or acute liver failure. LOS: Length of stay.