Prognostic value of glycated hemoglobin in colorectal cancer

Table 4 Cox proportional hazards survival regression analysis of the predictive value of clinical-pathological variables and glycemic indexes on progression-free and overall survival of colorectal cancer patients

Variable	Progression-free survival		Overall survival
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Overall population (n = 224)
Sex	0.96 (0.68-1.36)	0.809	0.82 (0.54-1.23)	0.336
Obesity1	0.95 (0.73-1.24)	0.701	0.88 (0.63-1.22)	0.448
Site	0.93 (0.62-1.41)	0.745	0.81 (0.49-1.34)	0.412
Histological diagnosis	0.90 (0.58-1.39)	0.629	0.88 (0.53-1.45)	0.604
Stage of disease2	1.95 (1.11-3.42)	0.021	1.17 (0.58-2.34)	0.662
ECOG-PS	1.54 (0.96-2.47)	0.075	1.84 (1.05-3.23)	0.035
Type of treatment3	1.37 (0.71-2.62)	0.346	1.94 (0.80-4.74)	0.145
Fasting glucose4	0.99 (0.80-1.21)	0.892	1.06 (0.83-1.34)	0.657
Fasting insulin5	0.90 (0.58-1.38)	0.619	1.01 (0.62-1.62)	0.981
Fasting HbA1c6	1.24 (1.01-1.53)	0.040	1.36 (1.05-1.74)	0.018
Non-diabetic patients (n = 173)
Sex	1.05 (0.69-1.59)	0.824	0.79 (0.48-1.31)	0.355
Obesity1	1.11 (0.83-1.50)	0.482	0.91 (0.62-1.34)	0.640
Site	1.09 (0.67-1.76)	0.740	0.98 (0.54-1.79)	0.952
Histological diagnosis	0.91 (0.55-1.52)	0.728	0.88 (0.49-1.61)	0.687
Stage of disease2	1.78 (0.93-3.40)	0.083	0.87 (0.39-1.93)	0.735
ECOG-PS	1.69 (0.98-2.92)	0.060	1.98 (1.02-3.85)	0.044
Type of treatment3	1.46 (0.69-3.08)	0.321	2.93 (1.01-8.56)	0.050
Fasting glucose3	0.94 (0.74-1.20)	0.625	0.91 (0.62-1.22)	0.531
Fasting insulin5	1.01 (0.60-1.68)	0.976	0.91 (0.51-1.64)	0.755
Fasting HbA1c6	1.25 (0.97-1.62)	0.092	1.40 (1.03-1.92)	0.034

¹Coded as normoweight if body mass index (BMI) ≤ 25, overweight if BMI > 25 and ≤ 30, obese if BMI > 30;

²Coded as primary/metastatic;

³Coded as neoadjuvant/adjuvant/metastatic;

⁴Q1: ≤ 87 mg/dL; Q2: > 87 mg/dL and ≤ 97 mg/dL; Q3: > 97 mg/dL and ≤ 117 mg/dL; Q4: > 117 mg/dL;

⁵Q1: ≤ 8.7 μIU/mL; Q2: > 8.7 μIU/mL and ≤ 14 μIU/mL; Q3: > 14 μIU/mL and ≤ 23 μIU/mL; Q4: > 23 μIU/mL;

⁶Q1: ≤ 5.3%; Q2: > 5.3% and ≤ 5.7%; Q3: > 5.7% and ≤ 6.1%; Q4: > 6.1%. ECOG-PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status.