Lymphovascular invasion in more than one-quarter of small rectal neuroendocrine tumors

Table 4 Outcomes of endoscopic resection procedures in relation to tumor size, margin status, and lymphovascular invasion n (%)

	ESMR-L	ESD	P vaule
	n = 57	n = 41
LVI			0.955
Absent	42 (58.3)	30 (41.7)
Present	15 (58.2)	11 (42.3)
Tumor size			0.192
≤ 5 mm	38 (66.7)	22 (53.7)
> 5 mm	19 (33.3)	19 (46.3)
Resection outcome			0.504
Complete (R0)	50 (87.7)	34 (82.9)
Incomplete (R1)	7 (12.3)	7 (17.1)
Safety resection margin (μm)	725 ± 872	322 ± 348	0.002

Bold values: P value < 0.05. LVI: Lymphovascular invasion.