Assessment of scoring systems for acute-on-chronic liver failure at predicting short-term mortality in patients with alcoholic hepatitis

Table 1 Formulas for scores used in alcoholic hepatitis

Scores	Formulas
DF[6]	4.6 × [patient’s prothrombin time-control prothrombin time (s)] + total bilirubin (mg/dL)
ABIC score[8]	(age × 0.1) + [serum bilirubin (mg/dL) × 0.08] + [serum creatinine (mg/dL) × 0.3] + (INR × 0.8)
GAHS[9]	Age, blood urea nitrogen, white blood cell count, serum bilirubin, and INR; each scored 1-3
MELD score[14]	MELD = 3.78 ln[bilirubin (mg/dL)] + 11.20ln(INR)+ 9.57ln[creatinine (mg/dL)] + 6.43
MELD-Na score[17]	MELD + 1.59 (135-Na), with maximum and minimum Na of 135 and 120 mEq/L, respectively
CLIF-SOFA score[5]	0	1	2	3	4
Liver (bilirubin, mg/dL)	< 1.2	≥ 1.2 to < 2.0	≥ 2.0 to < 6.0	≥ 6.0 to < 12.0	≥ 12.0
Renal (creatinine, mg/dL)	< 1.2	≥ 1.2 to < 2.0	≥ 2.0 to < 3.5	≥ 3.5 to < 5.0 or use of RRT	≥ 5.0
CNS (HE grade)	No HE	I	II	III	IV
Coagulation (INR)	< 1.1	≥ 1.1 to < 1.25	≥ 1.25 to < 1.5	≥ 1.5 to < 2.5	≥ 2.5 or platelet ≤ 20 × 109/L
Cardiovascular (hypotension)	MAP ≥ 70	MAP < 70	Dopamine ≤ 5 or dobutamine (any dose)1 or terlipressin	Dopamine > 5 or epi ≤ 0.1 or norepi ≤ 0.11	Dopamine > 15 or epi > 0.1 or norepi > 0.11
Respiration
PaO2/FiO2	> 400	> 300 to ≤ 400	> 200 to ≤ 300	> 100 to ≤ 200	≤ 100
Or SpO2/FiO2	> 512	> 357 to ≤ 512	> 214 to ≤ 357	> 89 to ≤ 214	≤ 89
CLIF-C OF score[15]	1	2	3
Liver (bilirubin, mg/dL)	< 6	≥ 6.0 to < 12.0	≥ 12
Renal (creatinine, mg/dL)	< 2	≥ 2.0 to < 3.5	≥ 3.5 or RRT
CNS (HE grade)	0	1-2	3-4
Coagulation (INR)	< 2.0	≥ 2.0 to < 2.5	≥ 2.5
Cardiovascular (hypotension)	MAP ≥ 70	MAP < 70	Vasopressors
Respiration
PaO2/FiO2	> 300	≤ 300 and > 200	≤ 200
Or SpO2/FiO2	> 357	> 214 and ≤ 357	≤ 214

¹Adrenergic agents administered for at least 1 h (disease are given in μg/kg/min). DF: Discriminant function; ABIC: Age, bilirubin, INR creatinine; GAHS: Glasgow Alcoholic Hepatitis Score; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; MELD-Na: Modified MELD including sodium; CLIF-SOFA: Chronic Liver Failure-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; CLIF-C OF: Chronic Liver Failure Consortium Organ Failure score; INR: International normalized ratio; RRT: Renal replacement therapy; HE: Hepatic encephalopathy; MAP: Mean arterial pressure; PaO₂: Partial pressure of arterial oxygen; FiO₂: Fraction of inspired oxygen; SpO₂: Pulse oximetric saturation.