Diagnosing gastrointestinal illnesses using fecal headspace volatile organic compounds

Table 4 Diagnosis of infectious diarrhea by fecal volatile organic compounds detection

Ref.	Year	Category	Disease (:control)	AUC	Accuracy	Sensitivity	Specificity	Sample No.	Control No.
McGuire et al[63]	2014	Diarrhea	Clostridium difficile	-	83%	85%	80%	50	50
Tait et al[62]	2013	Diarrhea	Clostridium difficile	-	-	83%	100%	77	23
Al-Kateb et al[71]	2012	Diarrhea	Rotavirus	-	-	-	-	27	53
Garner et al[72]	2009	Diarrhea	Vibrio cholera	-	-	-	-	6	3
Garner et al[61]	2007	Diarrhea	Clostridium difficile	-	-	96%	-	22	30
Garner et al[61]	2007	Diarrhea	Campylobacter jejuni	-	-	96%	-	31	30
Probert et al[60]	2004	Diarrhea	Clostridium difficile	-	-	83%	97%	6	6
Probert et al[60]	2004	Diarrhea	Campylobacter	-	-	100%	92%	5	6
Probert et al[60]	2004	Diarrhea	Rotavirus	-	-	100%	97%	5	6
Probert et al[60]	2004	Diarrhea	Non-Rota enteritis	-	-	63%	96%	19	6
Diarrhea pooled mean:				-	83%	88%	94%	-	-

If no control is specified, the comparison is against a healthy control. AUC: Area under the curve.