Diagnosing gastrointestinal illnesses using fecal headspace volatile organic compounds

Table 2 Diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease by fecal volatile organic compounds detection

Ref.	Year	Category	Disease (:control)	AUC	Accuracy	Sensitivity	Specificity	Sample No.	Control No.
Shepherd et al[56]	2014	IBD	IBD:IBS	-	-	76%	88%	102	135
Shepherd et al[56]	2014	IBD	IBD	-	-	79%	-	135	138
Cauchi et al[58]	2014	IBD	Crohn disease	0.97	85%	93%	78%	24	20
Cauchi et al[58]	2014	IBD	Ulcerative colitis	0.54	58%	43%	69%	19	20
de Meij et al[45]	2014	IBD	Crohn disease, active	0.85	-	86%	67%	29	28
de Meij et al[45]	2014	IBD	Crohn disease, remission	0.94	-	94%	94%	29	28
de Meij et al[45]	2014	IBD	Ulcerative colitis, active	1.00	-	100%	100%	26	28
de Meij et al[45]	2014	IBD	Ulcerative colitis, remission	0.94	-	94%	94%	26	28
de Meij et al[45]	2014	IBD	Crohn disease, active:ulcerative colitis, active	0.96	-	97%	92%	29	26
de Meij et al[45]	2014	IBD	Crohn disease, remission:ulcerative colitis, remission	0.81	-	88%	72%	29	26
Walton et al[59]	2013	IBD	Crohn disease	-	-	-	-	22	19
Walton et al[59]	2013	IBD	Ulcerative colitis	-	-	-	-	20	19
de Meij et al[69]	2013	IBD	Crohn disease	0.98	-	92%	100%	9	10
de Meij et al[69]	2013	IBD	Ulcerative colitis	0.75	-	75%	77%	10	10
De Preter et al[70]	2011	IBD	IBD	-	-	-	-	11	11
Garner et al[61]	2007	IBD	Ulcerative colitis	-	-	96%	-	18	30
IBD pooled mean:				0.87	72%	86%	85%	-	-

If no control is specified, the comparison is against a healthy control. IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; IBS: Irritable bowel syndrome; AUC: Area under the curve.