Racial/ethnic disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment and survival in California, 1988-2012

doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i38.8584

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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World J Gastroenterol. Oct 14, 2016; 22(38): 8584-8595
Published online Oct 14, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i38.8584

Table 2 Factors associated with receipt of surgical treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma in California, 1988-2012 (n = 33270)

	Receipt of surgical treatment
	Unadjusted OR	95%CI	Adjusted¹ OR	95%CI
American Indian/Alaska Native	0.71^a	0.51-0.98^a	0.66^a	0.46-0.93^a
Black	0.70^a	0.62-0.78^a	0.76^a	0.67-0.86^a
Cambodian	0.69^a	0.48-0.99^a	0.65^a	0.45-0.96^a
Chinese	1.39^a	1.27-1.53^a	1.58^a	1.42-1.77^a
Filipino	0.83^a	0.72-0.95^a	0.92	0.79-1.07
Hawai`ian/Pacific Islander	0.96	0.66-1.40	0.94	0.62-1.40
Hispanic	0.79^a	0.74-0.85^a	0.78^a	0.72-0.84^a
Japanese	1.33^a	1.11-1.59^a	1.41^a	1.15-1.72^a
Korean	1.43^a	1.24-1.64^a	1.45^a	1.24-1.70^a
Laotian/Hmong	0.24^a	0.14-0.41^a	0.30^a	0.17-0.53^a
Other Asian	1.38^a	1.02-1.88^a	1.27	0.91-1.78
South Asian	1.21	0.86-1.70	1.13	0.78-1.63
Thai	1.04	0.63-1.71	1.04	0.61-1.78
Vietnamese	1.34^a	1.20-1.49^a	1.26^a	1.12-1.42^a
White	1.00		1.00
Age at diagnosis
< 50			1.00
50-59			0.83^a	0.76-0.92^a
60-69			0.76^a	0.69-0.84^a
70-79			0.47^a	0.42-0.52^a
≥ 80			0.20^a	0.17-0.24^a
Gender
Female			1.00
Male			0.82^a	0.77-0.88^a
Socioeconomic Status
1 - Low SES			1.00
2			1.25^a	1.13-1.37^a
3			1.29^a	1.17-1.42^a
4			1.65^a	1.49-1.82^a
5 - High SES			1.84^a	1.66-2.05^a
Region
Los Angeles			1.00
San Francisco-Oakland			0.81^a	0.74-0.88^a
Central California			0.96	0.87-1.05
Northern California			1.09	0.98-1.20
San Diego-Imperial-Orange			1.34^a	1.22-1.47^a
Stage at diagnosis: 1988-1992
Remote			1.00
Regional			3.30^a	2.29-4.75^a
Local			8.28^a	6.09-11.26^a
Unstaged			0.27^a	0.15-0.48^a
Stage at diagnosis: 1993-1997
Remote			1.00
Regional			2.88^a	2.02-4.11^a
Local			8.81^a	6.79-11.43^a
Unstaged			0.47^a	0.27-0.79^a
Stage at diagnosis: 1998-2002
Remote			1.00
Regional			2.61^a	2.01-3.40^a
Local			8.07^a	6.49-10.04^a
Unstaged			0.78	0.52-1.17
Stage at diagnosis: 2003-2007
Remote			1.00
Regional			4.44^a	3.44-5.73^a
Local			12.97^a	10.16-16.56^a
Unstaged			0.93	0.58-1.49
Stage at diagnosis: 2008-2012
Remote			1.00
Regional			4.50^a	3.43-5.92^a
Local			13.6^a	10.48-17.66^a
Unstaged			1.12	0.68-1.87
Time period of diagnosis: remote stage tumors
1988-1992			1.00
1993-1997			0.75	0.53-1.06
1998-2002			0.89	0.64-1.23
2003-2007			0.83	0.58-1.17
2008-2012			0.59^a	0.41-0.85^a

¹Adjusted for all other factors presented in the table using multivariable logistic regression.

^aP < 0.05. Time period X stage interaction P = 0.0014.

Citation: Stewart SL, Kwong SL, Bowlus CL, Nguyen TT, Maxwell AE, Bastani R, Chak EW, Chen Jr MS. Racial/ethnic disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment and survival in California, 1988-2012. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(38): 8584-8595
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v22/i38/8584.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i38.8584